Wu Dongzhe, Huang Peng, Geng Xue, Qu Chaoyi, Rao Zhijian, Zhang Jianhong, Shen Yulin, Wei Qiangman, Liu Shijie, Zhao Jiexiu
Exercise Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China.
School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
J Exerc Sci Fit. 2024 Oct;22(4):445-455. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.09.005. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: With the accelerating global population aging, delaying aging and promoting healthy aging have become focal points in public health and clinical medicine. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) is an important indicator of biological aging speed. This study aims to explore the relationship between different leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) patterns and PhenoAgeAccel, analyzing the association and dose-response relationship.
This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018, including 14,868 adults. Multivariable linear regression models and restricted cubic spline methods were used to assess the relationship between LTPA and PhenoAgeAccel, with segmented likelihood ratio tests to detect non-linear thresholds. Stratified regression and interaction tests explored potential modifications by sex, age, race, and socioeconomic status.
Compared to individuals with no LTPA, those with inactive and regular LTPA patterns had significantly lower PhenoAgeAccel scores ( < 0.05), while the weekend warrior pattern showed no significant effect ( > 0.05). A non-linear threshold effect was found; below 560 min of weekly LTPA, a significant negative correlation existed (β = -0.001, 95 % CI: 0.001 to -0.0003, < 0.001). Above this threshold, LTPA was positively correlated with PhenoAgeAccel, indicating a risk for accelerated aging (β = 0.0003, 95 % CI: 0.00002 to 0.001, = 0.03). Similar non-linear threshold effects were found for both males and females.
Regular LTPA significantly reduces phenotypic age acceleration, with a non-linear threshold effect indicating moderate physical activity is most beneficial. The weekend warrior pattern was less effective. These findings highlight the necessity of personalized physical activity recommendations and provide evidence for public health strategies to promote healthy aging.
背景/目的：随着全球人口老龄化加速，延缓衰老和促进健康老龄化已成为公共卫生和临床医学的焦点。表型年龄加速（PhenoAgeAccel）是生物衰老速度的重要指标。本研究旨在探讨不同的休闲时间身体活动（LTPA）模式与PhenoAgeAccel之间的关系，分析其关联及剂量反应关系。
本研究使用了1999年至2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，包括14868名成年人。采用多变量线性回归模型和受限立方样条法评估LTPA与PhenoAgeAccel之间的关系，通过分段似然比检验检测非线性阈值。分层回归和交互作用检验探讨了性别、年龄、种族和社会经济地位的潜在修正作用。
与无LTPA的个体相比，不活跃和规律LTPA模式的个体PhenoAgeAccel得分显著更低（P<0.05），而周末战士模式则无显著影响（P>0.05）。发现了非线性阈值效应；每周LTPA低于560分钟时，存在显著负相关（β=-0.001，95%CI：-0.001至-0.0003，P<0.001）。高于此阈值，LTPA与PhenoAgeAccel呈正相关，表明存在加速衰老风险（β=0.0003，95%CI：0.00002至0.001，P=0.03）。男性和女性均发现了类似的非线性阈值效应。
规律的LTPA可显著降低表型年龄加速，存在非线性阈值效应，表明适度身体活动最有益。周末战士模式效果较差。这些发现凸显了个性化身体活动建议的必要性，并为促进健康老龄化的公共卫生策略提供了证据。
