Laplace Josué Fernández, Ferreccio Jenny Guerrero, Malvicini Giulia, Mendez de la Espriella Catalina, Pérez Alejandro R
Graduate Endodontics Program, School of Dentistry, Universidad Catolica de Santiago de Guayaquil (UCSG), Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador.
School of Dentistry, Universidad Catolica de Santiago de Guayaquil (UCSG), Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador.
Dent J (Basel). 2025 Mar 28;13(4):147. doi: 10.3390/dj13040147.
: C-shaped canals represent a challenge in endodontic procedures. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars in Guayaquil, Ecuador. : CBCT records from two radiology centers were examined (2020-2022). A total of 400 CBCT scans (800 mandibular second molars) were analyzed using Fan's classification. Data on the presence or absence of C-shaped canals, gender, and bilateral occurrence were collected. Statistical analysis included the test for differences in proportions and the chi-squared test to assess the significance of correlations between variables. : C-shaped canals were found in 28% of mandibular second molars, affecting 33.75% of the patient sample. The prevalence was significantly higher in females (42.9%) compared to males (20.4%). Bilateral occurrences were observed in 63% of affected patients. Morphologic variability was pronounced, with Fan C1 and C4 dominating in the coronal and apical thirds, respectively, while a shift toward Fan C2 and C3 was observed in the middle third. Only 19.2% of the teeth maintained a consistent morphology. : C-shaped canals were found in 28% of mandibular second molars and occurred predominantly in females. Notably, most cases were bilateral, highlighting the importance of effectively adapting endodontic techniques to treat this unique anatomical variation. Further research into genetic and environmental influences could deepen our understanding and help develop refined diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
C形根管给牙髓治疗带来了挑战。本研究旨在调查厄瓜多尔瓜亚基尔市下颌第二磨牙C形根管的患病率及特征。对来自两个放射中心的CBCT记录（2020 - 2022年）进行了检查。使用范氏分类法对总共400份CBCT扫描（800颗下颌第二磨牙）进行了分析。收集了关于C形根管的有无、性别及双侧出现情况的数据。统计分析包括比例差异检验和卡方检验，以评估变量间相关性的显著性。在28%的下颌第二磨牙中发现了C形根管，占患者样本的33.75%。女性的患病率（42.9%）显著高于男性（20.4%）。在63%的受影响患者中观察到双侧出现情况。形态学变异性明显，范氏C1和C4分别在冠方和根尖三分之一处占主导，而在中间三分之一处观察到向范氏C2和C3的转变。只有19.2%的牙齿保持一致的形态。在28%的下颌第二磨牙中发现了C形根管，且主要发生在女性中。值得注意的是，大多数病例是双侧的，突出了有效调整牙髓治疗技术以治疗这种独特解剖变异的重要性。对遗传和环境影响的进一步研究可能会加深我们的理解，并有助于制定完善的诊断和治疗策略。
