Chelu Mariana, Popa Monica, Calderón Moreno José María
"Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
Gels. 2025 Mar 23;11(4):234. doi: 10.3390/gels11040234.
Interest in developing new, effective materials for emergency hemostasis and wound healing is steadily increasing, particularly for use in emergency, surgical, and military situations. Hydrogels, with their unique retention, swelling, and biocompatibility properties, have emerged as essential materials in emergency therapy. This review provides a comprehensive examination of recent hydrogel applications in acute medical scenarios, including hemostasis, wound management, drug delivery, soft tissue replacement, and tissue engineering. We discuss the physicochemical properties that make hydrogels suitable for rapid response situations, such as their tunable mechanical strength, adhesiveness, responsiveness to environmental stimuli, and ability to encapsulate and release therapeutic agents. Additionally, the article explores recent advancements in smart hydrogels with self-healing and antimicrobial properties, providing insights into their potential to revolutionize emergency care and increase survival rates in both civilian and military applications. Through a critical evaluation of current clinical trials and practical deployments, this review highlights both the successes and the challenges faced in integrating hydrogels into emergency medical protocols, providing a roadmap for future research and development in this dynamic field.
开发用于紧急止血和伤口愈合的新型有效材料的兴趣正在稳步增长，特别是在紧急、外科和军事情况下的应用。水凝胶凭借其独特的保留、膨胀和生物相容性特性，已成为紧急治疗中的重要材料。本综述全面审视了水凝胶在急性医疗场景中的近期应用，包括止血、伤口处理、药物递送、软组织替代和组织工程。我们讨论了使水凝胶适用于快速反应情况的物理化学性质，例如其可调的机械强度、粘附性、对环境刺激的响应性以及封装和释放治疗剂的能力。此外，本文探讨了具有自愈和抗菌特性的智能水凝胶的最新进展，深入了解其在民用和军事应用中革新紧急护理并提高存活率的潜力。通过对当前临床试验和实际应用的批判性评估，本综述突出了将水凝胶整合到紧急医疗方案中所面临的成功与挑战，为这一动态领域的未来研究和开发提供了路线图。
