Chambers Jenni, Roscoe Clare M P, Chidley Corinna, Wisniewska Agnieszka, Duggirala Aparna
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, School of Science, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK.
Clinical Exercise Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Apr 18;22(4):637. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22040637.
Physical activity (PA) and body composition are important lifestyle factors that influence public health. Research suggests that DNA regions (CpG site locations) are differentially methylated in a physically active population. This meta-analysis aimed to identify CpG sites associated with various levels of PA and associated metabolic pathways. The meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, SportDISCUS, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Science. Epigenomic analyses performed on DNA of participants with no underlying health conditions were included. Articles were screened using Rayyan AI and extracted CpG sites, and their location were confirmed using the EWAS catalogue. Six studies comprising 770 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed on clinical metrics extracted from the six studies and showed that BMI, blood pressure, insulin and glucose testing are significantly improved upon PA intervention. Amongst the included studies, a total of 257 CpG sites were differentially methylated in physically active participants, with 134 CpGs located in 92 genes associated with obesity-related pathways. The identified differentially methylated genes either belonged to the lipid metabolism or insulin signalling pathway. The genes which were differentially regulated in multiple tissue types and studies are JAZF1 (insulin signalling, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways) and NAV1 (mTOR signalling pathway). In conclusion, the current epigenomic meta-analysis showed that PA levels induce differential DNA methylation signatures on genes that affect metabolism. To understand the positive molecular effects of PA, further research on the above candidate genes needs to be conducted amongst various levels of a physically active population.
身体活动（PA）和身体成分是影响公众健康的重要生活方式因素。研究表明，在身体活动水平较高的人群中，DNA区域（CpG位点位置）存在差异甲基化。这项荟萃分析旨在确定与不同水平的PA及相关代谢途径相关的CpG位点。该荟萃分析遵循PRISMA指南，使用了PubMed、SportDISCUS、Embase、Scopus、Cochrane和Web of Science。纳入了对无潜在健康问题参与者的DNA进行的表观基因组分析。使用Rayyan AI筛选文章并提取CpG位点，其位置通过EWAS目录进行确认。本荟萃分析纳入了六项研究，共770名受试者。对从这六项研究中提取的临床指标进行了荟萃分析，结果显示PA干预后，体重指数、血压、胰岛素和血糖检测均有显著改善。在所纳入的研究中，共有257个CpG位点在身体活动水平较高的参与者中存在差异甲基化，其中134个CpG位于与肥胖相关途径的92个基因中。所确定的差异甲基化基因要么属于脂质代谢途径，要么属于胰岛素信号通路。在多种组织类型和研究中受到差异调节的基因是JAZF1（胰岛素信号通路以及脂质和碳水化合物代谢途径）和NAV1（mTOR信号通路）。总之，当前的表观基因组荟萃分析表明，PA水平会在影响代谢的基因上诱导差异DNA甲基化特征。为了解PA的积极分子效应，需要在不同身体活动水平的人群中对上述候选基因进行进一步研究。
