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用于作物保护的天然抗真菌生物碱:最新合成方法概述

Natural Antifungal Alkaloids for Crop Protection: An Overview of the Latest Synthetic Approaches.

作者信息

Dozio Denise, Sacchi Francesca, Pinto Andrea, Dallavalle Sabrina, Annunziata Francesca, Princiotto Salvatore

机构信息

Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.

出版信息

Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Apr 18;18(4):589. doi: 10.3390/ph18040589.

Abstract

Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing compounds naturally occurring in plants, microorganisms, and marine organisms. Potent biological activities have been reported to date, ranging from neuroprotective to antioxidant and anticancer effects. Alkaloids have recently gained attention as potential antifungal agents for crop protection due to their broad spectrum of activity, eco-friendly nature, and ability to overcome some of the issues associated with synthetic fungicides, such as resistance development and environmental contamination. Several efforts have been made to obtain natural and nature-derived alkaloids endowed with significant activity against numerous pathogenic fungal strains. In this review, we collect synthetic strategies developed over the past decade to produce alkaloid fungicides for crop protection. Special emphasis is given to recent advancements in obtaining pure natural compounds and more potent analogs endowed with tailored and optimized properties.

摘要

生物碱是天然存在于植物、微生物和海洋生物中的含氮化合物。迄今为止,已报道了其强大的生物活性,范围从神经保护作用到抗氧化和抗癌作用。由于生物碱具有广泛的活性、生态友好的特性以及克服一些与合成杀菌剂相关问题(如抗药性发展和环境污染)的能力,它们最近作为潜在的作物保护抗真菌剂受到关注。人们已经做出了一些努力来获得对多种致病真菌菌株具有显著活性的天然和天然衍生生物碱。在这篇综述中,我们收集了过去十年中开发的用于生产作物保护用生物碱杀菌剂的合成策略。特别强调了在获得具有定制和优化特性的纯天然化合物和更有效的类似物方面的最新进展。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b011/12030670/1ffe39de0646/pharmaceuticals-18-00589-g001.jpg

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