Zhang Zhanhe, Zhao Guangrui, Niu Song, Jia Yang, Wu Donglin, Xu Ming
College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Baotou Beichen Feed Technology Co., Ltd., Baotou 014000, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Mar 31;13(4):801. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13040801.
This study investigated differences in gastrointestinal microbiota and blood metabolomes in calves with different heat stress (HS) responses in the same hot environment. Ten high (H) and ten low (L) HS response preweaning Holstein calves were selected based on their heat stress level (respiratory rate and rectal temperature), jugular vein blood samples and ruminal and fecal samples were collected. Notable variations were observed in the serum levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) and IL-2 between the two calf groups ( < 0.05). In group H, rumen and fecal microbiota synergism was disrupted. In the H group, the host metabolome exhibited enrichment in pyruvate metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid cycle ( < 0.05). Key factors bridging the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota and serum metabolites included the rumen bacterial genus , serum HSP-70, malic acid, and fumaric acid. These hubs served as potential indicators for distinguishing the response to heat stress in calves ( < 0.05). In conclusion, this study identified the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota characteristics and different HS responses of the host, thus providing evidence and new directions for future studies aimed at understanding HS in individual calves (gut microbiota-host interactions).
本研究调查了在相同炎热环境下，具有不同热应激（HS）反应的犊牛的胃肠道微生物群和血液代谢组的差异。根据热应激水平（呼吸频率和直肠温度），挑选出10头高（H）热应激反应和10头低热应激反应（L）的断奶前荷斯坦犊牛，采集颈静脉血样以及瘤胃和粪便样本。两组犊牛之间的热休克蛋白70（HSP - 70）和白细胞介素 - 2的血清水平存在显著差异（<0.05）。在H组中，瘤胃和粪便微生物群的协同作用被破坏。在H组中，宿主代谢组在丙酮酸代谢和三羧酸循环中表现出富集（<0.05）。连接胃肠道微生物群和血清代谢物之间关系的关键因素包括瘤胃细菌属、血清HSP - 70、苹果酸和富马酸。这些枢纽作为区分犊牛对热应激反应的潜在指标（<0.05）。总之，本研究确定了胃肠道微生物群特征与宿主不同热应激反应之间的关系，从而为未来旨在了解个体犊牛热应激（肠道微生物群 - 宿主相互作用）的研究提供了证据和新方向。
