Al-Qaisi Somayeh Saad Alwain, Raisi Ahmadreza, Alsalhy Qusay F
Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 26;15(1):14636. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99135-0.
Managing heavy metal ions in wastewater is imperative due to their profound impacts on human health and the ecosystem. Membranes endowed with adsorptive features present a highly promising solution for the efficient removal of contaminants such as cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb). This study focuses on the preparation of adsorptive membranes by immobilizing HKUST-1 metal-organic framework on the surface of polyethersulfone (PES) for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. HKUST-1 was integrated onto the membrane surface via gelatin-assisted growth and in-situ growth techniques, and further incorporated into a PES polymer matrix. Comprehensive characterization of these modified membranes was conducted using the FESEM, XRD, FTIR, EDAX, and contact angle analyses. The findings revealed that the PES/J (gelatin-assisted growth) membrane, in combination with the PES/I (in-situ growth) membrane, exhibited superior efficacy in heavy metal removal. Notably, the pure water flux of the gelatin-seed membrane increased approximately 2.5-fold compared to the pristine membrane. The PES/J membrane demonstrated high fluxes ranging between 80 and 140 lit/m.h.bar, whereas the pristine PES membrane had fluxes around 25-50 lit/m.h.bar. Furthermore, a uniform dispersion of HKUST-1 crystals on the membrane surface was observed for the adsorptive membrane prepared via the gelatin-assisted growth method, which led to a heavy metal removal efficiency of 100% after 80 min for Cd and Ni and 60 min for Pb ions. The synthesis and characterization of these adsorptive nanocomposite membranes (ANMs) via in-situ growth, gelatin-assisted growth, and mixed matrix approaches demonstrate their potential for efficient heavy metal removal from wastewater.
由于重金属离子对人类健康和生态系统有深远影响，因此处理废水中的重金属离子势在必行。具有吸附特性的膜为高效去除镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）和铅（Pb）等污染物提供了一种极有前景的解决方案。本研究重点在于通过将HKUST-1金属有机框架固定在聚醚砜（PES）表面来制备吸附膜，以去除废水中的重金属离子。HKUST-1通过明胶辅助生长和原位生长技术整合到膜表面，并进一步掺入PES聚合物基质中。使用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、能量散射X射线光谱（EDAX）和接触角分析对这些改性膜进行了全面表征。研究结果表明，PES/J（明胶辅助生长）膜与PES/I（原位生长）膜相结合，在重金属去除方面表现出卓越的效果。值得注意的是，明胶种子膜的纯水通量比原始膜增加了约2.5倍。PES/J膜的通量在80至140升/米·小时·巴之间，而原始PES膜的通量约为25 - 50升/米·小时·巴。此外，通过明胶辅助生长法制备的吸附膜在膜表面观察到HKUST-1晶体的均匀分散，这使得对镉和镍离子在80分钟后以及对铅离子在60分钟后的重金属去除效率达到100%。通过原位生长、明胶辅助生长和混合基质方法对这些吸附性纳米复合膜（ANM）进行的合成和表征证明了它们从废水中高效去除重金属的潜力。
