评估轴性脊柱关节炎中的肌肉减少症、肌肉减少症前期和营养不良：来自西班牙队列的见解。

Assessing Sarcopenia, Presarcopenia, and Malnutrition in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Insights from a Spanish Cohort.

作者信息

Berbel-Arcobé Laura, Benavent Diego, Valencia-Muntalà Lidia, Gómez-Vaquero Carmen, Juanola Xavier, Nolla Joan M

机构信息

Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Carrer de la Feixa Llarga S/N, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2025 Mar 14;17(6):1019. doi: 10.3390/nu17061019.

DOI:10.3390/nu17061019

PMID:40290081

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11944953/

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia, defined by a loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, is a potential comorbidity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Its prevalence, along with malnutrition, remains unclear.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study assessed sarcopenia (using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP-2) criteria), presarcopenia, and malnutrition (using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria) in a Spanish axSpA cohort. We included 94 patients aged ≥ 50 years. Sarcopenia was evaluated using the SARC-F questionnaire and by measuring muscle strength, mass, and performance. Presarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass alone. Malnutrition was assessed using body mass index (BMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI).

RESULTS

The prevalence of sarcopenia, presarcopenia, and malnutrition was 3.2%, 23.4%, and 10.6%, respectively. Sarcopenia correlated with worse functionality and quality of life (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) 7.6 ± 1.2 vs. 3.6 ± 2.5, = 0.02; ASAS Health Index (ASAS-HI) 11 ± 2 vs. 5.6 ± 3.7, = 0.03). Presarcopenia was linked to a lower BMI (24.7 ± 4.1 vs. 29.1 ± 4.2, < 0.01), FFMI (16.1 ± 2 vs. 19.6 ± 2.6, < 0.01), and reduced biologic treatment use (31.8% vs. 61.1%, = 0.03). Malnourished patients had lower muscle mass (5.14 ± 0.73 vs. 6.23 ± 0.96, < 0.01). SARC-F showed 100% sensitivity and 75.8% specificity for sarcopenia detection.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite low sarcopenia prevalence, presarcopenia and malnutrition are frequent, highlighting the need for early detection in axSpA.

摘要

背景/目的：肌肉减少症定义为肌肉质量、力量和功能的丧失，是轴性脊柱关节炎（axSpA）的一种潜在合并症。其患病率以及与营养不良的关系仍不明确。

方法

这项横断面研究采用欧洲老年人肌肉减少症工作组（EWGSOP - 2）标准评估西班牙axSpA队列中的肌肉减少症、疑似肌肉减少症和营养不良（采用全球营养不良领导倡议（GLIM）标准）。我们纳入了94名年龄≥50岁的患者。使用SARC - F问卷并通过测量肌肉力量、质量和功能来评估肌肉减少症。疑似肌肉减少症定义为仅肌肉质量低。使用体重指数（BMI）和去脂体重指数（FFMI）评估营养不良。

结果

肌肉减少症、疑似肌肉减少症和营养不良的患病率分别为3.2%、23.4%和10.6%。肌肉减少症与功能和生活质量较差相关（强直性脊柱炎功能指数（BASFI）7.6±1.2对3.6±2.5，P = 0.02；ASAS健康指数（ASAS - HI）11±2对5.6±3.7，P = 0.03）。疑似肌肉减少症与较低的BMI（24.7±4.1对29.1±4.2，P<0.01）、FFMI（16.1±2对19.6±2.6，P<0.01）以及生物治疗使用率降低相关（31.8%对61.1%，P = 0.03）。营养不良患者的肌肉质量较低（5.14±0.73对6.23±0.96，P<0.01）。SARC - F对肌肉减少症检测的敏感性为100%，特异性为75.8%。