营养管理联合专科护理对关节置换术后营养状况、免疫功能及伤口愈合的影响
Effects of nutrition management combined with specialized nursing on nutritional status, immune function and wound healing after joint replacement.
作者信息
Ren Haimei, Jiang Liang, Zhou Yibin, Qi Xiaohui, Cui Jingjie
机构信息
Haimei Ren Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China.
Liang Jiang Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China.
出版信息
Pak J Med Sci. 2025 Apr;41(4):1110-1115. doi: 10.12669/pjms.41.4.10524.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the effects of nutrition management combined with specialized nursing on nutritional status, immune function and wound healing of patients after joint replacement.
METHODS
Medical data of patients who underwent hip/knee replacement (n= 80) in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from June 2021 to December 2023 were collected for retrospective analysis. The included patients were divided into an observation group (special nutrition management + specialized nursing) and a control group (routine nutrition guidance + specialized nursing) according to different nutrition managements, n=40 each group. Moreover, nutritional status, immune function, wound healing and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference in nutritional status or immune function between the observation group and the control group before the operation, while obvious improvements in nutritional status and immune function were observed in both groups at discharge (< 0.05). In addition, significantly higher levels of nutritional indicators (Hb, Alb, PA, TF and RBC) and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA and IgM) were found in the observation group when compared with the control group (all < 0.05); and the incidences of wound dehiscence and local skin necrosis in the observation group were remarkably lower than those in the control group (all < 0.05). In terms of the nursing satisfaction, the observation group presented significantly-higher patient satisfaction on nursing than the control group (95.00% vs. 80.00%).
CONCLUSION
Nutrition management combined with specialized nursing may achieve significant improvements in nutritional status, immune function, wound healing and nursing satisfaction of patients after joint replacement.
目的
探讨营养管理联合专科护理对关节置换术后患者营养状况、免疫功能及伤口愈合的影响。
方法
收集2021年6月至2023年12月在河北大学附属医院行髋/膝关节置换术患者（n = 80）的医学资料进行回顾性分析。根据不同营养管理方式将纳入患者分为观察组（特殊营养管理+专科护理）和对照组（常规营养指导+专科护理），每组各40例。此外，比较两组患者的营养状况、免疫功能、伤口愈合情况及护理满意度。
结果
术前观察组与对照组的营养状况和免疫功能无显著差异，而两组患者出院时营养状况和免疫功能均有明显改善（P<0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，观察组的营养指标（血红蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白和红细胞）和免疫球蛋白（IgG、IgA和IgM）水平显著更高（均P<0.05）；观察组伤口裂开和局部皮肤坏死的发生率显著低于对照组（均P<0.05）。在护理满意度方面，观察组患者对护理的满意度显著高于对照组（95.00%对80.00%）。
结论
营养管理联合专科护理可显著改善关节置换术后患者的营养状况、免疫功能、伤口愈合情况及护理满意度。
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