Wang Jiang, Liu Zi-Xuan, Huang Zhi-Hong, Wen Jie, Rao Zhou-Zhou
Children Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China.
World J Clin Oncol. 2025 Apr 24;16(4):104061. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i4.104061.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant form of primary liver cancer, accounting for 90% of all cases. Currently, early diagnosis of HCC can be achieved through serum alpha-fetoprotein detection, B-ultrasound, and computed tomography scanning; however, their specificity and sensitivity are suboptimal. Despite significant advancements in HCC biomarker detection, the prognosis for patients with HCC remains unfavorable due to tumor heterogeneity and limited understanding of its pathogenesis. Therefore, it is crucial to explore more sensitive HCC biomarkers for improved diagnosis, monitoring, and management of the disease. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) serves as an auxiliary carrier of genetic information and also plays diverse intricate regulatory roles that greatly contribute to genome complexity. Moreover, investigating gene expression regulation networks from the perspective of lncRNA may provide insights into the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. We searched the PubMed database for literature, comprehensively classified regulated cell death mechanisms and systematically reviewed research progress on lncRNA-mediated cell death pathways in HCC cells. Furthermore, we prospectively summarize its potential implications in diagnosing and treating HCC.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是原发性肝癌的主要形式，占所有病例的90%。目前，HCC的早期诊断可通过血清甲胎蛋白检测、B超和计算机断层扫描实现；然而，它们的特异性和敏感性并不理想。尽管HCC生物标志物检测取得了重大进展，但由于肿瘤异质性以及对其发病机制的了解有限，HCC患者的预后仍然不佳。因此，探索更敏感的HCC生物标志物对于改善该疾病的诊断、监测和管理至关重要。长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）作为遗传信息的辅助载体，还发挥着多种复杂的调控作用，极大地促进了基因组的复杂性。此外，从lncRNA的角度研究基因表达调控网络可能为HCC的诊断和预后提供见解。我们在PubMed数据库中搜索文献，全面分类调控的细胞死亡机制，并系统综述了lncRNA介导的HCC细胞死亡途径的研究进展。此外，我们前瞻性地总结了其在HCC诊断和治疗中的潜在意义。
