R M KavyaDeepu, Sekar Mohnish
Dermatology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, IND.
Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Chengalpattu, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Mar 28;17(3):e81353. doi: 10.7759/cureus.81353. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Electrolytes play a pivotal role in the maintenance of neutrality in the minerals of the cells - also, the generation and conduction of action potentials in neurons and muscles. Key electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate. Electrolyte imbalances can result in elevated or diminished levels. Abnormal electrolyte levels, whether raised or decreased, interfere with normal physiological activities and may result in life-threatening consequences. Electrolyte imbalances are common in critical care units, although they are less frequent in dermatological conditions. Dermatologists should, however, be knowledgeable about the skin disorders and medications that are related to or may increase the risk of electrolyte imbalance to ensure that appropriate treatments are implemented immediately to avoid negative results. The objective of this review is to narrate the dermatological features of disorders involving abnormalities of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium.
电解质在维持细胞矿物质的中性状态中起着关键作用，同时也在神经元和肌肉动作电位的产生与传导中发挥作用。关键电解质包括钠、钾、氯、镁、钙和磷酸盐。电解质失衡可导致水平升高或降低。电解质水平异常，无论是升高还是降低，都会干扰正常生理活动，并可能导致危及生命的后果。电解质失衡在重症监护病房很常见，尽管在皮肤病中不太常见。然而，皮肤科医生应该了解与电解质失衡相关或可能增加其风险的皮肤疾病和药物，以确保立即实施适当的治疗，避免不良后果。本综述的目的是阐述涉及钠、钾、钙、磷和镁异常的疾病的皮肤学特征。
