电子烟对龋齿和促炎标志物的影响：一项系统评价与荟萃分析。
The effects of electronic smoking on dental caries and proinflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Tabnjh Abedelmalek Kalefh, Alizadehgharib Sara, Campus Guglielmo, Lingström Peter
机构信息
Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
出版信息
Front Oral Health. 2025 Apr 11;6:1569806. doi: 10.3389/froh.2025.1569806. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
Smoking and the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are common practices that have significant consequences for oral health. Although the negative impact of traditional tobacco products on oral tissues is widely known, the emergence of e-cigs poses a new obstacle. This review summarises existing data on the influence of e-cigs on oral health, with a specific emphasis on dental caries and pro-inflammatory agents.
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus to identify relevant studies published until September 2024. The structured search strategy uncovered 42 articles that were read in full text. The included articles consisted of clinical trials, observational studies, and laboratory investigations that examined the impact of e-cig aerosol on oral bacteria and pro-inflammatory markers and its potential to contribute to dental caries.
RESULTS
The findings indicate that e-cig users may have a higher prevalence of dental caries compared with non-smokers. Most studies focusing on bacteria showed that vaping may inhibit normal flora, giving cariogenic bacteria a chance to grow more. This finding indicates a notable oral health risk associated with vaping. Meta-analyses suggest no effect of using e-cigs on the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in saliva, even if it may affect their levels in GCF. However, in GCF, only one study reported TNF-α and IL-1β, and only two studies reported IL-6 and IL-8. Nevertheless, the effects of e-cigs on dental caries require further investigation since the data do not provide a clear picture.
DISCUSSION
This review emphasises the necessity for ongoing research to clarify the mechanisms that cause these consequences and to guide public health policies aimed at reducing the harm caused by e-cigarettes.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024537910, PROSPERO (CRD42024537910).
引言
吸烟和使用电子烟是常见行为，对口腔健康有重大影响。尽管传统烟草制品对口腔组织的负面影响广为人知，但电子烟的出现带来了新的障碍。本综述总结了关于电子烟对口腔健康影响的现有数据，特别关注龋齿和促炎因子。
方法
通过PubMed、科学网、Embase和Scopus进行全面检索，以确定截至2024年9月发表的相关研究。结构化检索策略共找到42篇全文阅读的文章。纳入的文章包括临床试验、观察性研究和实验室调查，这些研究考察了电子烟气溶胶对口腔细菌和促炎标志物的影响及其导致龋齿的可能性。
结果
研究结果表明，与不吸烟者相比，电子烟使用者患龋齿的患病率可能更高。大多数关注细菌的研究表明，吸电子烟可能会抑制正常菌群，使致龋菌有更多生长机会。这一发现表明吸电子烟存在显著的口腔健康风险。荟萃分析表明，使用电子烟对唾液中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8水平没有影响，即使它可能会影响龈沟液中这些物质的水平。然而，在龈沟液中，只有一项研究报告了TNF-α和IL-1β，只有两项研究报告了IL-6和IL-8。尽管如此，由于数据并不清晰，电子烟对龋齿的影响仍需进一步研究。
讨论
本综述强调了持续研究的必要性，以阐明导致这些后果的机制，并指导旨在减少电子烟危害的公共卫生政策。
系统评价注册
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024537910，PROSPERO（CRD42024537910）
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