Koç Murat, Sıdkı Adıgüzel Niyazi, Öztürk Barışcan, Engin Hakan, Karaçam Aydın, Canli Umut, Erhan Orhan Bekir, Prieto-González Pablo, Sagat Peter, Perez Jason, Isip Maria, Bartik Peter
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Türkiye.
PeerJ. 2025 Apr 23;13:e19275. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19275. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND: Football demands both aerobic and anaerobic capacities due to its dynamic movements, which include jumps, directional changes, ball control, and sprints. The Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) enhances eccentric strength, which is crucial for high-intensity movements. However, the relationship between Nordic breaking point angle (NHEbpa), which is associated with eccentric hamstring peak torque during Nordic hamstring exercise, and sprint, countermovement jump (CMJ), and change of direction (COD) speed in soccer players has not been sufficiently investigated. OBJECTIVE: This analysis examines the relationship between the Nordic breaking point angle and critical performance indicators-sprint speed, COD ability, and vertical jump-in football players. METHODS: Fifty-eight male soccer players volunteered for the study. Assessments included anthropometric measurements, CMJ tests, 10-20-30 m sprint tests, and COD (zig-zag) tests. NHEbpa was measured using motion analysis software. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between variables. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the individual effects of the sprint, CMJ, and COD performances on NHEbpa, with data analyzed using JASP 0.18. RESULTS: Correlation analysis showed strong positive correlations between NHEbpa and sprint performances (r = 0.633 to 0.666), moderate negative correlation between NHEbpa and CMJ (r = -0.406), and moderate positive correlation between NHEbpa and COD (r = 0.580). Regression analysis results were used to analyze the independent coefficients of multiple variables more comprehensively, revealing significant predictors for performance: 20-m sprint (β = 24.166, = 0.030), 10-m sprint (β = 22.564, = 0.047), 30-m sprint (β = 10.677, = 0.027), and CMJ (β = 4.974, = 0.034). Conversely, COD performance (β = -0.154, = 0.470) did not demonstrate a significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified significant relationships between NHEbpa and sprint/CMJ performances ( < 0.05), while no meaningful effect was observed for COD speed ( > 0.05). These findings highlight the importance of eccentric strength in sprint performance, suggesting that other factors may play a more prominent role in COD. Incorporating eccentric-focused training, particularly through Nordic exercises, is recommended to enhance sprint performance and hamstring strength, which are essential for football players.
背景：足球运动因其动态动作，包括跳跃、方向改变、控球和冲刺，对有氧和无氧能力都有要求。北欧腿弯举练习（NHE）可增强离心力量，这对高强度动作至关重要。然而，与北欧腿弯举练习期间腘绳肌离心峰值扭矩相关的北欧断裂点角度（NHEbpa）与足球运动员的冲刺、反向移动跳跃（CMJ）和变向（COD）速度之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。 目的：本分析探讨北欧断裂点角度与足球运动员的关键表现指标——冲刺速度、COD能力和垂直跳跃之间的关系。 方法：58名男性足球运动员自愿参与本研究。评估内容包括人体测量、CMJ测试、10 - 20 - 30米冲刺测试和COD（之字形）测试。使用运动分析软件测量NHEbpa。采用相关性分析确定变量之间的关系。进行多元线性回归分析以评估冲刺、CMJ和COD表现对NHEbpa的个体影响，使用JASP 0.18对数据进行分析。 结果：相关性分析显示，NHEbpa与冲刺表现之间存在强正相关（r = 0.633至0.666），NHEbpa与CMJ之间存在中度负相关（r = -0.406），NHEbpa与COD之间存在中度正相关（r = 0.580）。回归分析结果用于更全面地分析多个变量的独立系数，揭示表现的显著预测因素：20米冲刺（β = 24.166，p = 0.030）、10米冲刺（β = 22.564，p = 0.047）、30米冲刺（β = 10.677，p = 0.027）和CMJ（β = 4.974，p = 0.034）。相反，COD表现（β = -0.154，p = 0.470）未显示出显著影响。 结论：该研究确定了NHEbpa与冲刺/CMJ表现之间存在显著关系（p < 0.05），而未观察到COD速度有显著影响（p > 0.05）。这些发现突出了离心力量在冲刺表现中的重要性，表明其他因素可能在COD中发挥更突出的作用。建议纳入以离心训练为主的训练，特别是通过北欧练习，以提高冲刺表现和腘绳肌力量，这对足球运动员至关重要。
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