Yeon Jaegoo, Suh Sung-Suk, Youn Ui-Joung, Bazarragchaa Badamtsetseg, Enebish Ganbold, Seo Jong Bae
Department of Biosciences, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, 58554, Republic of Korea.
Genes Genomics. 2025 Apr 28. doi: 10.1007/s13258-025-01645-8.
BACKGROUND : Iris bungei Maxim., a plant native to the desert grasslands of the Inner Mongolian Plateau and traditionally used in Mongolian medicine, has been shown to influence adipocyte differentiation in white adipose tissue. However, its effects on brown adipocyte differentiation have not been previously explored.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Iris bungei Maxim. (IB) extract on brown adipocyte differentiation, focusing on lipid accumulation, gene expression, mitochondrial biogenesis, and functionality.
Immortalized murine brown preadipocytes were treated with IB extract during differentiation. Lipid accumulation, expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes, and mitochondrial biogenesis (MitoTracker Red staining, mitochondrial DNA content, oxidative phosphorylation protein levels) were evaluated. Additionally, mitochondrial respiration and isoproterenol-induced UCP-1 expression were analyzed to assess functional effects. Bioactive compounds in the IB extract were identified using feature-based molecular networking (FBMN) with the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS).
The IB extract significantly enhanced brown adipocyte differentiation, as evidenced by increased lipid accumulation and upregulation of brown adipocyte-specific genes, such as UCP-1, PGC-1α, and PRDM16. Moreover, mitochondrial biogenesis was notably elevated, as indicated by enhanced MitoTracker Red staining, increased mitochondrial DNA content, and upregulated oxidative phosphorylation protein expression. The extract also improved mitochondrial respiration, suggesting enhanced mitochondrial functionality. Furthermore, the IB extract amplified isoproterenol-induced UCP-1 expression, indicating its potential role in thermogenesis regulation. Additionally, FBMN-GNPS analysis identified the chemical constituents in the IB extract by mass replication in the spectral matching to those in online databanks.
These findings suggest that the methanol extract of IB could be a promising agent for promoting brown adipocyte differentiation and enhancing mitochondrial activity, with potential applications in managing obesity and metabolic disorders.
背景：细叶鸢尾原产于内蒙古高原的荒漠草原，传统上用于蒙医，已被证明可影响白色脂肪组织中的脂肪细胞分化。然而，其对棕色脂肪细胞分化的影响此前尚未被研究。
本研究旨在探讨细叶鸢尾提取物对棕色脂肪细胞分化的影响，重点关注脂质积累、基因表达、线粒体生物发生和功能。
在分化过程中用细叶鸢尾提取物处理永生化小鼠棕色前脂肪细胞。评估脂质积累、棕色脂肪细胞特异性基因的表达以及线粒体生物发生（MitoTracker Red染色、线粒体DNA含量、氧化磷酸化蛋白水平）。此外，分析线粒体呼吸和异丙肾上腺素诱导的UCP-1表达以评估功能影响。使用基于特征的分子网络（FBMN）与全球天然产物社会分子网络（GNPS）鉴定细叶鸢尾提取物中的生物活性化合物。
细叶鸢尾提取物显著增强了棕色脂肪细胞分化，脂质积累增加以及棕色脂肪细胞特异性基因如UCP-1、PGC-1α和PRDM16的上调证明了这一点。此外，线粒体生物发生显著升高，MitoTracker Red染色增强、线粒体DNA含量增加以及氧化磷酸化蛋白表达上调表明了这一点。该提取物还改善了线粒体呼吸，表明线粒体功能增强。此外，细叶鸢尾提取物增强了异丙肾上腺素诱导的UCP-1表达，表明其在产热调节中的潜在作用。此外，FBMN-GNPS分析通过光谱匹配与在线数据库中的化合物进行大规模复制鉴定了细叶鸢尾提取物中的化学成分。
这些发现表明，细叶鸢尾的甲醇提取物可能是一种有前途的促进棕色脂肪细胞分化和增强线粒体活性的药物，在管理肥胖和代谢紊乱方面具有潜在应用。
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