Izquierdo Vinicius S, Cappellozza Bruno I, Ashrafi Nadia, Ashrafi Mimi Romana, Graham Stewart F, Vendramini João M B, Gonella-Diaza Angela, Moriel Philipe
University of Florida, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona, FL 33865, USA.
Novonesis, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark.
J Anim Sci. 2025 Apr 29. doi: 10.1093/jas/skaf135.
This study evaluated the effects of maternal supplementation of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) on the plasma metabolome of cow-calf pairs. At the start of the study (day 0), 72 pregnant Brangus crossbred beef heifers (20 to 22 months of age) were stratified by body weight (BW; 431 ± 31 kg) and body condition score (6.0 ± 0.36) and randomly allocated into 12 bahiagrass pastures (1 ha and 6 heifers/pasture). Treatments were assigned to pastures (6 pastures/treatment) and consisted of heifers supplemented with 1 kg/head/day (DM basis) of soybean hulls, either alone (CON) or combined (BAC) with DFM containing a mix of Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis (Bovacillus; Novonesis, Hørsholm, Denmark) from day 0 to 242 (139 ± 4 days prepartum until 104 ± 4 days postpartum). Calves were weaned on day 242 and then allocated to drylot pens and fed the same diet until day 319. On days 271 and 287, calves were vaccinated against pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease. Blood samples were collected from all heifers on days 0 and 63 (prepartum) and from all calves on days 271 (pre-vaccination), 274 (during the inflammatory response), and 287 (post-inflammatory response) to assess the plasma concentration of metabolites. There was a separation on day 63 (R2 = 0.96) for the plasma metabolome profile of BAC and CON heifers. Heifers fed BAC had increased (P ≤ 0.05) plasma concentration of 17 metabolites, including glycerophospholipids and amino acids, but decreased (P ≤ 0.05) plasma concentration of 4 triacylglycerols. Eight pathways related to amino acids metabolism were increased (P ≤ 0.01) in BAC vs. CON heifers. For the calf metabolome, a separation was observed on days 271 (R2 = 0.95), 274 (R2 = 0.95), and 287 (R2 = 0.99). Supplementation with BAC decreased (P ≤ 0.05) plasma concentrations of 3 and 6 metabolites from amino acids and triacylglycerols on days 271 and 274, respectively, and increased (P ≤ 0.05) plasma concentrations of 9, 10, and 28 metabolites associated with amino acids and lipids metabolism on days 271, 274, and 287, respectively. Maternal supplementation with Bacillus-based DFM altered calf amino acid metabolism before vaccination (P ≤ 0.03) but enhanced pathways associated with immune response after vaccination (P ≤ 0.05). Thus, maternal supplementation of a Bacillus-based DFM modified the maternal prepartum metabolome and the calf metabolome before, during, and after a vaccination-induced inflammatory response.
本研究评估了母体补充基于芽孢杆菌的直接投喂微生物（DFM）对母牛-犊牛对血浆代谢组的影响。在研究开始时（第0天），72头怀孕的婆罗门牛杂交肉用小母牛（20至22月龄）按体重（BW；431±31千克）和体况评分（6.0±0.36）进行分层，并随机分配到12个巴哈雀稗牧场（每个牧场1公顷，6头小母牛）。处理分配到牧场（每个处理6个牧场），包括从第0天到第242天（产前139±4天至产后104±4天），小母牛每天每头补充1千克（干物质基础）大豆皮，单独补充（CON）或与含有枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌混合物的DFM（Bovacillus；丹麦霍斯霍尔姆的Novonesis公司）联合补充（BAC）。犊牛在第242天断奶，然后分配到干栏舍，饲喂相同的日粮直至第319天。在第271天和第287天，犊牛接种与牛呼吸道疾病相关的病原体疫苗。在第0天和第63天（产前）从所有小母牛采集血样，在第271天（接种前）、第274天（炎症反应期间）和第287天（炎症反应后）从所有犊牛采集血样，以评估代谢物的血浆浓度。在第63天，BAC和CON小母牛的血浆代谢组谱出现分离（R2 = 0.96）。饲喂BAC的小母牛血浆中17种代谢物浓度升高（P≤0.05），包括甘油磷脂和氨基酸，但4种三酰甘油的血浆浓度降低（P≤0.05）。与CON小母牛相比，BAC小母牛中与氨基酸代谢相关的8条途径增加（P≤0.01）。对于犊牛代谢组，在第271天（R2 = 0.95）、第274天（R2 = 0.95）和第287天（R2 = 0.99）观察到分离。补充BAC分别在第271天和第274天使来自氨基酸和三酰甘油的3种和6种代谢物的血浆浓度降低（P≤0.05），并分别在第271天、第274天和第287天使与氨基酸和脂质代谢相关的9种、10种和28种代谢物的血浆浓度升高（P≤0.05）。母体补充基于芽孢杆菌的DFM在接种疫苗前改变了犊牛氨基酸代谢（P≤0.03），但在接种疫苗后增强了与免疫反应相关的途径（P≤0.05）。因此，母体补充基于芽孢杆菌的DFM改变了母体产前代谢组以及犊牛在疫苗诱导的炎症反应之前、期间和之后的代谢组。
