Outcomes of Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation in Polycystic Liver and Kidney Disease.

BACKGROUND Adult polycystic liver disease (PLD) is a rare disorder frequently associated with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of organ transplantation in patients with PLD. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 9 PLD patients who underwent organ transplantation at our center from May 2015 to Jan 2024. Intraoperative conditions and postoperative complications were closely monitored and documented. The survival rates of recipients and grafts, the use of immunosuppressants in recipients, and graft function were all monitored. RESULTS All 9 patients were female, with a mean age of 51.6±7.9 years. Among them, 8 had PLD combined with polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and 1 had PLD with left renal cysts. Among the 9 patients, 7 underwent combined liver and kidney transplantation (including 2 sequential liver and kidney transplantation), while 2 underwent liver transplantation alone. Two patients developed liver graft rejection postoperatively, and 1 patient developed kidney stones and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). One patient who underwent sequential liver-kidney transplantation died 135 days after kidney transplantation due to severe infection. The median follow-up time for the surviving patients was 45.0 months (range 16.0 to 108.4 months). The survival rate was 88.9%. Among the 6 surviving patients who underwent combined liver and kidney transplantation, the preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 19.8±16.4 mL/min, while the postoperative follow-up eGFR was 64.2±12.3 mL/min. CONCLUSIONS Organ transplantation provides a reliable solution for patients with PLD and end-stage renal failure.