Garbin Marta, Monteiro Beatriz P, Steagall Paulo V
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Department of Clinical Sciences, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China.
J Feline Med Surg. 2025 Apr;27(4):1098612X251329326. doi: 10.1177/1098612X251329326. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of adipose tissue in the abdominal wall of obese cats and compare the injectate spread and spinal nerve staining after ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block using lean (LBW) vs actual body weight (ABW).MethodsFour cat cadavers with a body condition score ⩾8/9 were included. Cat 1 was dissected to identify the TAP and describe abdominal fat distribution. Cats 2 and 3 received a two-point ultrasound-guided TAP injection of 0.25 ml/kg/point based on LBW and ABW, respectively. In cat 4, both hemiabdomens were randomly injected with the two volumes. Subsequent anatomic dissection assessed injectate distribution and the number of thoracic (T) and lumbar (L) spinal nerves stained ⩾1 cm circumferentially.ResultsThe mean weight of the cats was 7.5 ± 0.3 kg and they had a body condition score of 9/9. A thick layer of hypoechoic adipose tissue was observed ventral to the costal arch, between the rectus and transversus abdominis muscles, and a second thinner layer between the obliquus internus and transversus abdominis muscles. After crossing the adipose tissue, the ventral branches of spinal nerves lie in the fascial plane, superficial to the transversus abdominis muscle. LBW- and ABW-based injectate volumes stained the ventral branches from T12 to L1 and T11 to L1, respectively.Conclusions and relevanceTwo separate layers of adipose tissues are localized superficially to the transversus abdominis muscle in obese cats. Identifying the transversus abdominis muscle and adipose layers is crucial for the success of the TAP block. Injectate volumes based on ABW may provide wider staining of thoracolumbar spinal nerves than LBW. Further randomized clinical trials are needed in obese cats using locoregional anesthesia.
目的
本研究旨在调查肥胖猫腹壁脂肪组织的分布情况，并比较使用瘦体重（LBW）与实际体重（ABW）进行超声引导下腹横肌平面（TAP）阻滞时注射剂的扩散情况以及脊神经染色情况。
方法
纳入四只身体状况评分为⩾8/9的猫尸体。解剖猫1以识别TAP并描述腹部脂肪分布。猫2和猫3分别基于LBW和ABW接受0.25 ml/kg/点的两点超声引导下TAP注射。在猫4中，对其双侧半腹部随机注射这两种体积的注射剂。随后进行解剖评估注射剂分布以及胸段（T）和腰段（L）脊神经周向染色⩾1 cm的数量。
结果
猫的平均体重为7.5±0.3 kg，身体状况评分为9/9。在肋弓腹侧、腹直肌与腹横肌之间以及腹内斜肌与腹横肌之间观察到一层厚厚的低回声脂肪组织。穿过脂肪组织后，脊神经的腹侧支位于腹横肌浅面的筋膜平面内。基于LBW和ABW的注射剂体积分别使T12至L1和T11至L1的腹侧支染色。
结论及相关性
在肥胖猫中，腹横肌浅面有两层独立的脂肪组织。识别腹横肌和脂肪层对于TAP阻滞的成功至关重要。基于ABW的注射剂体积可能比基于LBW的注射剂体积能使胸腰段脊神经获得更广泛的染色。在肥胖猫中使用局部区域麻醉还需要进一步的随机临床试验。
