Salas-Treviño Daniel, Flores-Treviño Samantha, Cisneros-Rendón Carlos, Domínguez-Rivera Cristian Valdemar, Camacho-Ortiz Adrián
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Apr 11;14(4):397. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14040397.
: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a public health problem that develops in the hospital setting. The most common causative agent of AAD is infection (CDI), although other non- Clostridia (NDC) might also be present. NDC include members of the RIC group such as [], and []. The co-colonization of NDC and CDI in patients with AAD has not been fully analyzed. : We compared clinical and laboratory data of patients with infection (CDI) plus NDC against patients with only CDI. This study was a retrospective, case-control study. Hospitalized confirmed CDI cases were analyzed. CDI detection was performed using a 2-step diagnostic algorithm, including glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) with toxin A/toxin B assays and molecular detection of the gene. Stool samples were cultured and colonies morphologically compatible with any Clostridia were identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fisher's exact test and odds ratio (OR) were calculated to determine the degree of correlation between the variables and the study groups. : In the CDI + NDC group ( = 7), positive culture was observed for [] ( = 3), ( = 3), and ( = 1). According to our results, CDI + NDC patients received more days of antibiotic therapy, took more days to reduce diarrhea, had a significant increase in the number of days to suppress diarrhea, and previous hospitalizations were more frequently reported. : In conclusion, the positive culture of NDC species such as or in patients with AAD caused by CDI correlates with treatment extension and/or failure.
抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）是医院环境中出现的一个公共卫生问题。AAD最常见的病原体是艰难梭菌感染（CDI），不过也可能存在其他非艰难梭菌（NDC）。NDC包括RIC组的成员，如[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]和[具体物种3]。AAD患者中NDC与CDI的共同定植情况尚未得到充分分析。
我们比较了合并NDC的艰难梭菌感染（CDI）患者与仅患有CDI患者的临床和实验室数据。本研究为回顾性病例对照研究。对住院确诊的CDI病例进行分析。使用两步诊断算法进行CDI检测，包括谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）毒素A/毒素B检测以及tcdB基因的分子检测。对粪便样本进行培养，并用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱法鉴定与任何梭菌形态相符的菌落。计算费舍尔精确检验和优势比（OR）以确定变量与研究组之间的相关程度。
在CDI + NDC组（n = 7）中，观察到[具体物种1]（n = 3）、[具体物种2]（n = 3）和[具体物种3]（n = 1）培养呈阳性。根据我们的结果，CDI + NDC患者接受抗生素治疗的天数更多，腹泻减轻所需天数更多，腹泻抑制天数显著增加，且既往住院情况报告更为频繁。
总之，由CDI引起的AAD患者中，如[具体物种1]或[具体物种2]等NDC物种培养呈阳性与治疗延长和/或治疗失败相关。
