Li Yang, Li Jian, Liu Xiaowang, Cheng Zhili, Gao Nana, Kang Jungang, Wang Xiaodan
College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
Hebei Provincial Animal Husbandry Station, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Mar 31;14(4):418. doi: 10.3390/antiox14040418.
polysaccharides (PSPs), plant-derived polysaccharides widely used in the pharmaceutical field, exhibit various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, research on their application in chicks remains limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the protective mechanism of PSP against liver injury in chicks using an LPS-induced inflammatory model. A total of 200 one-day-old Hy-Line Brown laying chicks were randomly assigned to five groups (40 chicks each): a control group (CON) fed a basal diet, an LPS group, and three PSP groups receiving low (250 mg/L), medium (500 mg/L), and high (1000 mg/L) doses of PSP (PSP250_LPS, PSP500_LPS, and PSP1000_LPS, respectively). The experiment lasted 21 days. During this period, the LPS and PSP groups were intraperitoneally injected with 1500 μg/kg LPS on days 14, 16, 18, and 20, while the CON group received normal saline. On day 21, organs were collected for analysis. The results indicated that PSP treatment significantly reduced the liver and kidney indices that were elevated by LPS ( < 0.05) without affecting the indices of the spleen, thymus, or bursa of Fabricius ( > 0.05). Histological analysis revealed that PSP alleviated LPS-induced ballooning degeneration and cell swelling in hepatocytes. Furthermore, PSP treatment decreased the levels of ALT and AST and significantly mitigated increases in the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α while enhancing the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 ( < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing of liver samples revealed that LPS significantly altered the expression of 10 genes in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, which were regulated by PSP intervention. qPCR validation supported these findings. Furthermore, biochemical analyses of liver tissue showed that PSP alleviated oxidative stress by affecting levels of SOD, MDA, NADPH, ROS, and HO. In conclusion, PSP may alleviate LPS-induced liver injury in chicks by modulating the PPAR signaling pathway. These findings provide valuable insights for promoting healthy chick rearing and ensuring the safe supply of poultry products.
多糖（PSPs）是广泛应用于制药领域的植物源多糖，具有多种生物活性，包括抗炎和抗氧化作用。然而，其在雏鸡中的应用研究仍然有限。因此，本研究旨在利用脂多糖（LPS）诱导的炎症模型，探讨PSP对雏鸡肝损伤的保护机制。将200只1日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡随机分为五组（每组40只）：饲喂基础日粮的对照组（CON）、LPS组以及三个分别接受低剂量（250 mg/L）、中剂量（500 mg/L）和高剂量（1000 mg/L）PSP的PSP组（分别为PSP250_LPS、PSP500_LPS和PSP1000_LPS）。实验持续21天。在此期间，LPS组和PSP组在第14、16、18和20天腹腔注射1500 μg/kg LPS，而CON组注射生理盐水。在第21天，采集器官进行分析。结果表明，PSP处理显著降低了LPS升高的肝脏和肾脏指数（P<0.05），而不影响脾脏、胸腺或法氏囊的指数（P>0.05）。组织学分析显示，PSP减轻了LPS诱导的肝细胞气球样变性和细胞肿胀。此外，PSP处理降低了谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）水平，并显著减轻了促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的升高，同时提高了抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素-10（IL-10）的水平（P<0.05）。肝脏样本的转录组测序显示，LPS显著改变了过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）信号通路中10个基因的表达，这些基因受PSP干预调控。定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）验证支持了这些发现。此外，肝脏组织的生化分析表明，PSP通过影响超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）、活性氧（ROS）和血红素加氧酶（HO）的水平减轻了氧化应激。总之，PSP可能通过调节PPAR信号通路减轻LPS诱导的雏鸡肝损伤。这些发现为促进雏鸡健康养殖和确保禽产品安全供应提供了有价值的见解。
