Zhou Runze, Wang Yixue, Chen Shiyun, Cheng Fanjia, Yi Yuhang, Lv Chenghao, Qin Si
College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Apr 3;14(4):432. doi: 10.3390/antiox14040432.
The growing prevalence of obesity is being increasingly acknowledged as a major public health issue. This mainly stems from the excessive intake of dietary fats. (DO), recognized as an herb with dual roles of food and medicine, is renowned for its diverse health-promoting effects. Nevertheless, the specifics of its antiobesity and anti-inflammatory properties and the underlying mechanisms are still obscure. The present study shows that treatment with extract (DOE) alleviates obesity, liver steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in rats that are obese due to a high-fat diet (HFD). Firstly, with respect to HFD obese rats, higher doses of DOE significantly reduced TG, TC, LDL-C, blood glucose, and liver AST and ALT, along with lipid droplets. Meanwhile, DOE supplementation significantly reduced oxidative stress induced by ROS and MDA and increased the levels of GSH-Px and SOD in liver tissues. Furthermore, integrated analysis of transcriptomic and microbiomic data revealed that DOE modulated inflammatory responses through the NF-κB/IκB pathway. This regulatory mechanism was evidenced by corresponding changes in the protein expression levels of both NF-κB and IκB. Additionally, DOE was found to modulate gut microbiota composition in obese rats, specifically reducing the relative abundance of while increasing beneficial bacterial populations, particularly the genera and . These findings suggest that DOE may help retain the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and improve metabolic health by regulating inflammation in the liver and intestine, thereby providing protection against obesity and related metabolic syndromes. Our study demonstrates that DOE, as a natural botanical extract, can effectively facilitate the prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome through precision dietary interventions.
肥胖患病率的不断上升日益被公认为是一个重大的公共卫生问题。这主要源于膳食脂肪的过量摄入。蒲公英（DO）被认为是一种具有药食两用功能的草药，以其多种促进健康的功效而闻名。然而，其抗肥胖和抗炎特性的具体细节以及潜在机制仍不清楚。本研究表明，用蒲公英提取物（DOE）治疗可减轻因高脂饮食（HFD）导致肥胖的大鼠的肥胖、肝脏脂肪变性、炎症和氧化应激。首先，对于HFD肥胖大鼠，较高剂量的DOE显著降低了甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血糖以及肝脏天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT），同时减少了脂滴。此外，DOE补充剂显著降低了由活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛（MDA）诱导的氧化应激，并提高了肝脏组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的水平。此外，转录组学和微生物组学数据的综合分析表明，DOE通过核因子κB（NF-κB）/核因子κB抑制蛋白（IκB）途径调节炎症反应。NF-κB和IκB蛋白表达水平的相应变化证明了这种调节机制。此外，发现DOE可调节肥胖大鼠的肠道微生物群组成，具体而言，降低了某菌属的相对丰度，同时增加了有益细菌种群，特别是某两个菌属。这些发现表明，DOE可能有助于维持肠道微生物群的稳态，并通过调节肝脏和肠道中的炎症来改善代谢健康，从而预防肥胖和相关代谢综合征。我们的研究表明，DOE作为一种天然植物提取物，可通过精准饮食干预有效地促进代谢综合征的预防或治疗。
