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本文引用的文献

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Genetic evidence of the causal relationships between psychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases.精神疾病与心血管疾病之间因果关系的遗传学证据。
J Psychosom Res. 2025 Feb;189:112029. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.112029. Epub 2024 Dec 31.
2
The contribution of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder polygenic load to metabolic and cardiovascular health outcomes: a large-scale population and sibling study.注意缺陷多动障碍多基因负荷对代谢和心血管健康结果的影响：一项大规模的人群和同胞研究。
Transl Psychiatry. 2024 Nov 13;14(1):470. doi: 10.1038/s41398-024-03178-2.
3
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is associated with risky and unhealthy behaviours among adolescents.注意缺陷多动障碍与青少年的危险和不健康行为有关。
Public Health. 2024 Dec;237:51-56. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.08.029. Epub 2024 Sep 25.
4
What Is the Link between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Dyslipidemia in Adults? A German Retrospective Cohort Study.成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与血脂异常之间有何联系？一项德国回顾性队列研究。
J Clin Med. 2024 Jul 30;13(15):4460. doi: 10.3390/jcm13154460.
5
Inflammatory biotype of ADHD is linked to chronic stress: a data-driven analysis of the inflammatory proteome.ADHD 的炎症生物型与慢性应激有关：炎症蛋白质组的数据分析。
Transl Psychiatry. 2024 Jan 18;14(1):37. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02729-3.
6
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.注意力缺陷/多动障碍与心血管疾病风险增加相关：一项系统评价和荟萃分析。
JCPP Adv. 2023 Apr 5;3(3):e12158. doi: 10.1002/jcv2.12158. eCollection 2023 Sep.
7
Childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder problems and mid-life cardiovascular risk: prospective population cohort study.儿童注意缺陷多动障碍问题与中年心血管风险：前瞻性人群队列研究。
Br J Psychiatry. 2023 Oct;223(4):472-477. doi: 10.1192/bjp.2023.90.
8
Neuroinflammation: A Modifiable Pathway Linking Obesity, Alzheimer's disease, and Depression.神经炎症：肥胖症、阿尔茨海默病和抑郁症之间的可调节通路。
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2023 Oct;31(10):853-866. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.06.001. Epub 2023 Jun 11.
9
A Potential Role for Neuroinflammation in ADHD.神经炎症在注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）中的潜在作用。
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2023;1411:327-356. doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_15.
10
Associations between mental and physical conditions in children and adolescents: An umbrella review.儿童和青少年精神与身体状况的相关性：伞式综述。
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Jun;137:104662. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104662. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

[注意力缺陷/多动障碍与心脏代谢疾病：患病率、病因及治疗]

[Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and cardiometabolic diseases: prevalence, etiology and treatment].

作者信息

Kittel-Schneider Sarah

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, Acute Adult Mental Health Unit, Cork University Hospital, University College Cork, T12DC4A, Wilton, Cork, Irland.

APC Microbiome, University College of Cork, Cork, Irland.

出版信息

Nervenarzt. 2025 May;96(3):309-317. doi: 10.1007/s00115-025-01828-4. Epub 2025 Apr 29.

DOI:10.1007/s00115-025-01828-4
PMID:40298967
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12058937/
Abstract

There is a close connection throughout the lifespan between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. According to current knowledge, the causes are genetic factors, dopamine metabolism disorders, circadian rhythm disorders, inflammatory processes and, last but not least, an unhealthy lifestyle. The treatment of individuals with ADHD and comorbid cardiometabolic diseases requires an individualized approach with lifestyle changes, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, taking possible cardiometabolic side effects of the ADHD medication into account.

摘要

在整个生命周期中，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与肥胖、糖尿病和动脉高血压等心脏代谢疾病风险增加之间存在密切联系。根据目前的认知，其病因包括遗传因素、多巴胺代谢紊乱、昼夜节律紊乱、炎症过程，以及最后但同样重要的不健康生活方式。对患有ADHD和合并心脏代谢疾病的个体进行治疗，需要采取个性化方法，包括生活方式改变、心理治疗和药物治疗，并考虑到ADHD药物可能产生的心脏代谢副作用。