Giménez Yolanda, González Elena, Fatjó Francesc, Mallorquí Aida, Hernández Sandra, Arranz Angela, Figueras Francesc
Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, BCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 29;20(4):e0302114. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302114. eCollection 2025.
Maternal mental health is crucial for the well-being of both the mother and the fetus. Obstetric complications have been linked to anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Among them, preeclampsia (PE) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), are the more common causes of maternal admission. The aim of this study is to explore whether there is an increasing prevalence in the gradient of anxiety and depression among women with uncomplicated pregnancies, those admitted for PPROM, and those admitted for PE.
A cross-sectional t study was conducted involving three groups of pregnant women consecutively attended: 1) women admitted with severe PE; 2) women admitted with PPROM; and 3) uncomplicated pregnancies. Participants completed validated questionnaires to measure anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS). Differences in median scores across the study groups were analysed by quantile regression, adjusted for gestational age at evaluation and the STAI-Trait score.
The analysis included 214 women: 106 with uncomplicated pregnancies, 55 with PPROM, and 53 with severe PE. A higher proportion of nulliparity and chronic hypertension was observed in women with preeclampsia. Significant trends across the study groups were observed for both depression and anxiety scores. Women with severe preeclampsia had higher scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) compared to those with PPROM (27 vs. 24; p=0.049). The PPROM and PE groups showed significantly higher proportions of abnormal scores in STAI-S>30, EPDS>10, and EPDS>13 compared to uncomplicated pregnancies.
Higher levels of anxiety and depression are present in women admitted in hospital for PPROM and severe PE. Compared to PPROM, severe PE is associated with higher scores of anxiety. The importance of screening and offering specific interventions for patients with PE is highlighted.
孕产妇心理健康对母亲和胎儿的幸福都至关重要。产科并发症与孕期焦虑和抑郁有关。其中，子痫前期（PE）和未足月胎膜早破（PPROM）是孕产妇入院的较常见原因。本研究的目的是探讨在无并发症妊娠的妇女、因PPROM入院的妇女和因PE入院的妇女中，焦虑和抑郁程度是否呈递增趋势。
进行了一项横断面研究，连续纳入三组孕妇：1）重度PE入院的妇女；2）PPROM入院的妇女；3）无并发症妊娠的妇女。参与者完成经过验证的问卷以测量焦虑（状态-特质焦虑量表，STAI）、抑郁（爱丁堡产后抑郁量表，EPDS）。通过分位数回归分析研究组之间中位数得分的差异，并根据评估时的孕周和STAI-特质得分进行调整。
分析纳入214名妇女：106名无并发症妊娠，55名PPROM，53名重度PE。子痫前期妇女中初产妇和慢性高血压的比例更高。在抑郁和焦虑得分方面，研究组之间均观察到显著趋势。与PPROM患者相比，重度子痫前期患者的状态-特质焦虑量表-状态（STAI-S）得分更高（27对24；p=0.049）。与无并发症妊娠相比，PPROM组和PE组在STAI-S>30、EPDS>10和EPDS>13时异常得分的比例显著更高。
因PPROM和重度PE入院的妇女存在较高水平的焦虑和抑郁。与PPROM相比，重度PE与更高的焦虑得分相关。强调了对子痫前期患者进行筛查和提供特定干预措施的重要性。
