Belmares-Ortega Jessica, Zara Issoufou Kapran Fatouma, Denkers Eric Y
Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology and Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 29;20(4):e0322116. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0322116. eCollection 2025.
First encounter of Toxoplasma with the host immune system occurs within tissues of the intestine, including the intestinal mucosa and draining lymph nodes. In this study, we focused on the mesenteric lymph node compartment, the central hub of adaptive immune induction following orally acquired infection. We examined innate lymphoid cells (ILC) in mesenteric lymph nodes during Toxoplasma infection, determining the influence of MyD88 and the T lymphocyte compartment on ILC subset distribution, IFN-γ production, MHC class II expression and proliferation. Collectively, we observed an ILC1-dominated response that was impacted by both MyD88 and T lymphocytes. We also found a population of putative ILC that were negative for signature transcription factors associated with ILC1, 2 and 3 subsets. This study increases our understanding of ILC-mediated immunity during Toxoplasma infection and points to the complex interactions with which these cells engage T cell and MyD88-dependent immunity.
弓形虫与宿主免疫系统的首次相遇发生在肠道组织内，包括肠黏膜和引流淋巴结。在本研究中，我们聚焦于肠系膜淋巴结区室，这是口服感染后适应性免疫诱导的中心枢纽。我们检测了弓形虫感染期间肠系膜淋巴结中的固有淋巴细胞（ILC），确定了MyD88和T淋巴细胞区室对ILC亚群分布、IFN-γ产生、MHC II类表达和增殖的影响。总体而言，我们观察到一种以ILC1为主导的反应，该反应受到MyD88和T淋巴细胞的影响。我们还发现了一群推定的ILC，它们对于与ILC1、2和3亚群相关的标志性转录因子呈阴性。这项研究增进了我们对弓形虫感染期间ILC介导的免疫的理解，并指出了这些细胞与T细胞和MyD88依赖性免疫相互作用的复杂性。
