Tan Mo-Yao, Zhang Ping, Zhu Si-Xuan, Wu Shan, Gao Ming
Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Clinical Medical School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Apr 15;12:1497292. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1497292. eCollection 2025.
The Non-Exercise Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness (NEE-CRF) method has gained attention in recent years due to its simplicity and effectiveness. Hypertension and all-cause mortality are significant public health issues worldwide, highlighting the importance of exploring the association between NEE-CRF and these two conditions.
The data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were utilized to validate the association between NEE-CRF and hypertension as well as all-cause mortality. NEE-CRF was calculated using a sex-specific longitudinal non-exercise equation. To investigate the relationship between hypertension and all-cause mortality, multivariable regression analysis, generalized additive models, smooth curve fittings, and threshold effect analysis were employed. Logistic regression was used for hypertension analysis, while Cox proportional hazards regression was applied for all-cause mortality. Additionally, we conducted stratified analyses and interaction tests among different groups.
In the NHANES, after fully adjusting for covariates, each unit increase in NEE-CRF was associated with a 24% reduction in the risk of hypertension (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.74-0.78) and a 12% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.86). Subgroup analyses showed that the relationship between NEE-CRF and both hypertension and all-cause mortality remained negatively correlated across different subgroups. The negative association was also validated in the CHARLS.
Higher NEE-CRF levels may reduce the risk of developing hypertension and all-cause mortality.
近年来，非运动估计心肺适能（NEE-CRF）方法因其简单性和有效性而受到关注。高血压和全因死亡率是全球重大的公共卫生问题，凸显了探索NEE-CRF与这两种情况之间关联的重要性。
利用国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）和中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的数据来验证NEE-CRF与高血压以及全因死亡率之间的关联。使用特定性别的纵向非运动方程计算NEE-CRF。为了研究高血压与全因死亡率之间的关系，采用了多变量回归分析、广义相加模型、平滑曲线拟合和阈值效应分析。逻辑回归用于高血压分析，而Cox比例风险回归用于全因死亡率分析。此外，我们还在不同组之间进行了分层分析和交互检验。
在NHANES中，在对协变量进行充分调整后，NEE-CRF每增加一个单位，高血压风险降低24%（OR：0.76，95%CI：0.74-0.78），全因死亡率风险降低12%（HR：0.88，95%CI：0.79-0.86）。亚组分析表明，NEE-CRF与高血压和全因死亡率之间的关系在不同亚组中均保持负相关。这种负相关在CHARLS中也得到了验证。
较高的NEE-CRF水平可能会降低患高血压和全因死亡率的风险。
