Bourrel Pablo Neyen, Caluva Emanuel, Requina Carina, Juricich Juan, Gerlo Paula, Avila Sebastian, Galvani Geronimo
Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza, Guaymallén, Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina.
Estación Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Concepción del Uruguay, Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina.
Int J Biometeorol. 2025 Jul;69(7):1769-1779. doi: 10.1007/s00484-025-02931-6. Epub 2025 Apr 30.
The health of honey bee colonies is under threat from numerous factors, particularly thermal events intensified by climate change. In specific regions, beekeeping is undergoing continuous adaptation to enhance productivity and align with local environmental characteristics. An alternative technique to the traditional Langstroth hive (SH) is the stacked nucs method (NH), which involves managing colonies in a smaller space than the standard 10-frame hive. In the presence of immature stages, internal temperature must be adequately controlled by workers hence the description of thermal dynamics would facilitate understanding the development of colonies with different beekeeping methodologies. In an apiary located in Mendoza (32° 41' 05.3" S, 68° 39' 22.4" W) the internal temperature of the brood area and lateral wall in the hives were monitored during the season of honey production. We describe the frequency of exposition to non-optimal temperature range for brood and flight activity of pollen collection. The mean of internal temperature in SH was 33.2 °C and 34.1 °C in NH. The thermal range was between 2.4 and 3.1 °C in the brood area, being significantly elevated in the colony formation period. The lateral temperature values showed the exposure to thermal extremes indicating overheating in hives with reduced space. Pollen foraging was similar with a decrease in activity as noon approached in both types of hives. The temperature above or below the optimal range was discussed according to the hourly pattern, heat waves, and seasonal schedule by the beekeeper's management in a semi-arid region.
蜜蜂群体的健康受到多种因素的威胁，尤其是气候变化加剧的热事件。在特定地区，养蜂业正在不断进行调整，以提高生产力并适应当地环境特征。与传统的朗氏蜂箱（SH）不同的另一种技术是堆叠核群法（NH），该方法涉及在比标准10框蜂箱更小的空间内管理蜂群。在存在未成熟阶段的情况下，工蜂必须充分控制内部温度，因此描述热动态将有助于理解采用不同养蜂方法的蜂群的发展情况。在位于门多萨（南纬32°41′05.3″，西经68°39′22.4″）的一个养蜂场，在蜂蜜生产季节对蜂箱内育虫区和侧壁的内部温度进行了监测。我们描述了育虫和花粉采集飞行活动暴露于非最佳温度范围的频率。SH的内部温度平均值为33.2℃，NH为34.1℃。育虫区的温度范围在2.4至3.1℃之间，在蜂群形成期显著升高。侧壁温度值显示暴露于极端温度，表明空间减小的蜂箱存在过热现象。两种类型的蜂箱中，花粉采集情况相似，随着中午临近活动减少。根据半干旱地区养蜂人的管理，按小时模式、热浪和季节时间表讨论了高于或低于最佳范围的温度。
