Kolkova Zuzana, Suroviakova Stanislava, Grendar Marian, Havlicekova Zuzana, Hornakova Andrea, Holubekova Veronika, Halasova Erika, Banovcin Peter
Laboratory of Genomics and Prenatal Diagnostics, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
Department of Pediatrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Apr 30;52(1):441. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10534-y.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression, impacting a wide range of biological processes. Their dysregulation can result in pathological changes and contribute to the development of various disorders. This study aims to evaluate the expression of selected miRNAs in duodenal tissue of paediatric patients with active celiac disease (CD), investigate the role of dysregulated miRNAs in disease pathogenesis and assess the changes in their expression profile in response to a gluten-free diet (GFD).
The study included newly diagnosed celiac patients (n = 20), celiac patients adhering to a GFD (n = 17) and a control group (n = 29). The miRNA expression in duodenal samples was quantified by real-time PCR. Dysregulated miRNAs were analysed for functional enrichment in molecular pathways. Our results identified 8 dysregulated miRNAs in celiac patients: miR-155-5p (upregulated) and hsa-miR-22-5p, hsa-miR-192-5p, hsa-miR-338-3p, hsa-miR-31-5p, hsa-miR-31-3p, hsa-miR-215-5p and hsa-miR-378d (downregulated). Pathway analysis implicated these miRNAs in regulating various signaling pathways related to inflammation, immune response and intercellular junctions, all of which are relevant to the pathogenesis of CD. Moreover, miR-31-3p was upregulated in CD patients on a GFD, exhibiting a negative correlation with the duration of GFD. For other miRNAs, the level of expression in CD patients adhering to a GFD was restored to levels similar to those observed in the control group.
This preliminary study reveals significant changes in miRNA expression in duodenal biopsies from paediatric CD patients and how these patterns shift with dietary intervention. Understanding the interactions among dysregulated miRNAs may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for managing CD.
微小RNA（miRNA）是基因表达的关键调节因子，影响广泛的生物学过程。它们的失调会导致病理变化，并促成各种疾病的发展。本研究旨在评估活动性乳糜泻（CD）儿科患者十二指肠组织中选定miRNA的表达，研究失调的miRNA在疾病发病机制中的作用，并评估其表达谱在无麸质饮食（GFD）作用下的变化。
该研究纳入新诊断的乳糜泻患者（n = 20）、坚持GFD的乳糜泻患者（n = 17）和一个对照组（n = 29）。通过实时PCR对十二指肠样本中的miRNA表达进行定量。对失调的miRNA进行分子途径的功能富集分析。我们的结果确定了乳糜泻患者中有8种失调的miRNA：miR-155-5p（上调）以及hsa-miR-22-5p、hsa-miR-192-5p、hsa-miR-338-3p、hsa-miR-31-5p、hsa-miR-31-3p、hsa-miR-215-5p和hsa-miR-378d（下调）。通路分析表明这些miRNA参与调节与炎症、免疫反应和细胞间连接相关的各种信号通路，所有这些都与CD的发病机制相关。此外，在接受GFD的CD患者中，miR-31-3p上调，且与GFD持续时间呈负相关。对于其他miRNA，坚持GFD的CD患者中的表达水平恢复到与对照组中观察到的水平相似。
这项初步研究揭示了儿科CD患者十二指肠活检中miRNA表达的显著变化以及这些模式如何随饮食干预而改变。了解失调的miRNA之间的相互作用可能会带来治疗CD的新策略。
