Tegegne Awoke Seyoum, Yenesew Muluken Azage, Asemahagn Mulusew Andualem, Mersha Tesfaye B, Deribew Amare, Belete Minyichil Birhanu, Mekonnen Alemtsehay, Enquobahrie Daniel A, Awoke Worku, Minas Tsion Zewdu, Taye Birhanu, Fentahun Netsanet
Department of Statistics, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 30;15(1):15234. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-93648-4.
Ethiopia is one of the HIV high burden countries in Africa. This was compounded by the Conflict and health system breakdown in the northern Ethiopia over the past several years. This study was aimed to assess the trends and spatio-temporal distribution of HIV between July2018-June 2024. The District Health Information software2 (DHIS2) data was obtained from Health facilities with a total catchment area of 170,000 km2. Spatial interpolation and ordinal kriging were conducted to identify hotspot zones in the current study. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 27. Between July, 2018 and June, 2024, a total of 8,592, 243 individuals were tested for HIV in Amhara region (North-west Ethiopia) and among these, 54,746 (0.64%) were HIV positive or HIV test positivity rate. The number of individuals who received HIV testing was ranged from 6,170 in East Gojjam health department to 567 in Debre Tabor town health office. The number of individuals who received HIV test decreased from 1,764,397 in July 2018 to 1,057,879 in June, 2024. The spatial distribution of HIV-related programmatic indicators in the current study indicate that, the hot spot areas for HIV test positivity rate were Kombolcha, Bahir Dar, Dessie, Debre Markos, Debre Birhan, and Woldia town health offices. Similarly, the hot spot areas for PLHIV newly initiated ART were Kombolcha, Dessie and Debre Markos Towns and the hot spot areas for PLHIV currently on ART were also Debre Markos, Kombolcha and Dessie towns. Experience sharing among zonal health departments and town health offices should be conducted to get important lessons from those who had best practice related to HIV tests and ART initiation. More attention in testing HIV should be given for hotspot areas to get more clients living with HIV. Special attention should be given in HIV tests on segregated or marginalized population to get more number of HIV test positivity rate instead of focusing on the test volume.
埃塞俄比亚是非洲艾滋病高负担国家之一。过去几年，埃塞俄比亚北部的冲突和卫生系统崩溃使情况更加复杂。本研究旨在评估2018年7月至2024年6月期间艾滋病病毒的趋势和时空分布。地区卫生信息软件2（DHIS2）数据来自总集水面积为170,000平方公里的医疗机构。在本研究中进行了空间插值和序贯克里金法以识别热点区域。使用SPSS软件27版进行数据分析。2018年7月至2024年6月期间，阿姆哈拉地区（埃塞俄比亚西北部）共有8,592,243人接受了艾滋病病毒检测，其中54,746人（0.64%）艾滋病病毒呈阳性，即艾滋病病毒检测阳性率。接受艾滋病病毒检测的人数从东戈贾姆卫生部门的6,170人到德布雷塔博尔镇卫生办公室的567人不等。接受艾滋病病毒检测的人数从2018年7月的1,764,397人下降到2024年6月的1,057,879人。本研究中与艾滋病病毒相关的规划指标的空间分布表明，艾滋病病毒检测阳性率的热点地区是孔博尔查、巴赫达尔、德西、德布雷马尔科斯、德布雷比尔汉和沃尔迪亚镇卫生办公室。同样，新开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病病毒感染者的热点地区是孔博尔查、德西和德布雷马尔科斯镇，目前正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病病毒感染者的热点地区也是德布雷马尔科斯、孔博尔查和德西镇。各地区卫生部门和镇卫生办公室之间应进行经验分享，以便从那些在艾滋病病毒检测和抗逆转录病毒治疗启动方面有最佳实践的人那里吸取重要经验教训。应更加关注热点地区的艾滋病病毒检测，以发现更多感染艾滋病病毒的患者。应特别关注对隔离或边缘化人群的艾滋病病毒检测，以提高艾滋病病毒检测阳性率，而不是只关注检测量。
