Senff Jasper R, Tack Reinier W P, Tan Benjamin Y Q, Prapiadou Savvina, Kimball Tamara N, Ng Sharon, Duskin Jonathan, Shah-Ostrowski Mark Jun, Nunley Courtney, Brouwers H Bart, Chemali Zeina, Fricchione Gregory, Tanzi Rudolph E, Pouwels Koen, Rosand Jonathan, Yechoor Nirupama, Anderson Christopher D, Singh Sanjula D
Brain Care Labs, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 30;15(1):15172. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99246-8.
At least 45% of dementia and 60% of stroke cases are due to modifiable risk factors and could in part be prevented through healthy behavior. This cross-sectional study clustered and characterized a U.S. cohort's knowledge and practice of healthy behavior associated with dementia and stroke. A total of 1,478 participants (mean age: 45.5 years, 51.8% female) were included. A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to identify clusters based on the level of knowledge and practice of healthy behavior. We defined knowledge as recognizing eight modifiable risk factors (alcohol, diet, smoking, physical activity, sleep, stress, social relationships, and purpose in life) as important. We defined practice as complying with validated recommendations for each healthy behavior. Three clusters emerged: (I) high knowledge and poor practice (II) high knowledge and good practice, and (III) lower knowledge and poor practice. Participants in the high knowledge and good practice cluster were statistically significantly older, more educated, perceived fewer barriers (financial and time limitations), and more facilitators (motivation or knowing someone with dementia or stroke) compared to the other clusters. Our findings could assist in tailoring preventative strategies to enhance knowledge, translating knowledge into practice, and addressing particular facilitators and barriers per identified cluster.
至少45%的痴呆症病例和60%的中风病例是由可改变的风险因素导致的，部分病例可通过健康行为预防。这项横断面研究对美国一个队列中与痴呆症和中风相关的健康行为知识及实践进行了聚类和特征分析。共纳入1478名参与者（平均年龄：45.5岁，51.8%为女性）。基于健康行为知识和实践水平进行分层聚类分析以识别聚类。我们将知识定义为认识到八个可改变的风险因素（饮酒、饮食、吸烟、身体活动、睡眠、压力、社会关系和生活目标）很重要。我们将实践定义为遵守每种健康行为的有效建议。出现了三个聚类：（I）高知识水平和低实践水平，（II）高知识水平和高实践水平，以及（III）低知识水平和低实践水平。与其他聚类相比，高知识水平和高实践水平聚类中的参与者在统计学上年龄显著更大、受教育程度更高、感知到的障碍（经济和时间限制）更少、促进因素（动机或认识患有痴呆症或中风的人）更多。我们的研究结果有助于制定针对性的预防策略，以提高知识水平、将知识转化为实践，并针对每个识别出的聚类解决特定的促进因素和障碍。
