Svyatchenko Svetlana V, Boldyrev Nikita D, Panova Anastasia S, Kolosova Natalia P, Shadrinova Kiunnei N, Goncharova Natalia I, Onkhonova Galina S, Muratova Alina R, Danilenko Alexey V, Danilenko Elena I, Gudymo Andrey S, Vasiltsova Natalia N, Egorova Marina L, Ivanova Ksenia I, Ilyicheva Tatiana N, Marchenko Vasily Y, Ryzhikov Alexander B
State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk, 630559, Russia.
Arch Virol. 2025 Apr 30;170(6):118. doi: 10.1007/s00705-025-06303-8.
The 2023-2024 flu season in Russia was dominated by influenza A(H3N2) viruses. In this study, we isolated seasonal influenza viruses from human respiratory specimens, analyzed their genetic and antigenic properties, and assessed their susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors. In total, we isolated 207 influenza virus isolates. Of them, 95.2% were subtyped as A(H3N2), 1.9% as A(H1N1)pdm09, and 2.9% as B/Victoria influenza viruses. The hemagglutinin sequences of the A(H3N2) isolates showed that they belonged to several subclades within the 2a.3a.1 genetic group, with the J2 subclade being predominant. Despite their genetic diversity, all A(H3N2) strains tested using a hemagglutination inhibition assay were antigenically similar to the egg-propagated vaccine strain A/Darwin/09/2021(H3N2). The B/Victoria virus isolates belonged to the C.5 and C.5.7 subclades of the genetic group V1A.3a.2 and were antigenically similar to cell- and egg-propagated variants of the vaccine strain B/Austria/1359417/2021. All of the A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates belonged to the 6B.1A.5a.2a genetic clade and were well-recognized by a ferret antiserum raised against a cell-propagated A/Wisconsin/67/2022(H1N1pdm09)-like reference strain. All of the tested isolates were susceptible to oseltamivir and zanamivir, including two A(H1N1)pdm09 strains with an NA-S247N substitution. Seroprevalence analysis showed that 60%, 54%, and 46% of the human blood samples tested were seropositive for the A(H3N2), A(H1N1)pdm09 and B/Victoria antigens from the 2022-2023 vaccine.
俄罗斯2023-2024年流感季以甲型（H3N2）流感病毒为主。在本研究中，我们从人类呼吸道标本中分离出季节性流感病毒，分析其基因和抗原特性，并评估其对神经氨酸酶抑制剂的敏感性。我们总共分离出207株流感病毒毒株。其中，95.2%被鉴定为A（H3N2）亚型，1.9%为A（H1N1）pdm09亚型，2.9%为B/维多利亚系流感病毒。A（H3N2）毒株的血凝素序列显示，它们属于2a.3a.1基因群内的几个亚分支，其中J2亚分支占主导。尽管它们存在基因多样性，但使用血凝抑制试验检测的所有A（H3N2）毒株在抗原性上均与鸡胚传代疫苗毒株A/达尔文/09/2021（H3N2）相似。B/维多利亚系病毒毒株属于基因群V1A.3a.2的C.5和C.5.7亚分支，在抗原性上与疫苗毒株B/奥地利/1359417/2021的细胞传代和鸡胚传代变体相似。所有A（H1N1）pdm09毒株均属于6B.1A.5a.2a基因分支，并且能被针对细胞传代的A/威斯康星/67/2022（H1N1pdm09）样参考毒株产生的雪貂抗血清很好地识别。所有检测的毒株对奥司他韦和扎那米韦均敏感，包括两株具有NA-S247N替换的A（H1N1）pdm09毒株。血清流行率分析表明，所检测的人类血液样本中，分别有60%、54%和46%对2022-2023年疫苗中的A（H3N2）、A（H1N1）pdm09和B/维多利亚抗原呈血清阳性。
