Liang Bo, Wei Yue, Pei Heming, Liang Xiaoxuan, Chen Gong, Pei Lijun
Institute of Population Research, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Apr 30;25(1):1598. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22774-5.
The burden of low back pain (LBP) is increasing rapidly. This study aimed to analyze the temporal trends of the LBP burden in China from 1990 to 2021.
Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 were used to examine the crude and age-standardized rates, along with their uncertainty interval (UI), for incidence, prevalence and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) per 100,000 for LBP, stratified by sex. The joinpoint regression model was applied to calculate the annual percent change (APC) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for the LBP burden. Additionally, an age-period-cohort analysis was conducted to assess the temporal trends in the LBP burden.
In 2021, LBP affected 100,093,745 individuals in China. The crude incidence, prevalence and DALYs rates were 3.05% (95% UI: 2.64-3.46%), 7.04% (95% UI: 6.12-7.94%) and 794.08 per 100,000 (95% UI: 557.48-1077.36), respectively. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence, prevalence and DALYs rates declined annually by 0.71% (95% CI: 0.67-0.75%), 0.79% (95% CI: 0.75-0.83%), and 0.79% (95% CI: 0.75-0.84%), respectively. The LBP burden was higher in females than in males, with incidence rates rising with age. From the age of 45 onward, women exhibited significantly higher incidence rates than men. Over the past three decades, both period-specific and cohort-specific LBP incidence showed a downward trend.
LBP remains a substantial public health burden in China, with variations across sex, age, period and cohort. Targeted healthcare policies and resource allocation should be prioritized for high-risk populations, particularly older adults and females.
腰痛（LBP）的负担正在迅速增加。本研究旨在分析1990年至2021年中国腰痛负担的时间趋势。
使用全球疾病负担（GBD）2021的数据来检查腰痛的粗发病率、年龄标准化率及其不确定性区间（UI），以及按性别分层的每10万人的发病率、患病率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）。应用连接点回归模型计算腰痛负担的年度百分比变化（APC）和相应的95%置信区间（CI）。此外，进行了年龄-时期-队列分析以评估腰痛负担的时间趋势。
2021年，腰痛在中国影响了100,093,745人。粗发病率、患病率和DALYs率分别为3.05%（95%UI：2.64-3.46%）、7.04%（95%UI：6.12-7.94%）和每10万人794.08（95%UI：557.48-1077.36）。从1990年到2021年，年龄标准化发病率、患病率和DALYs率每年分别下降0.71%（95%CI：0.67-0.75%）、0.79%（95%CI：0.75-0.83%）和0.79%（95%CI：0.75-0.84%）。女性的腰痛负担高于男性，发病率随年龄增长而上升。从45岁起，女性的发病率明显高于男性。在过去三十年中，特定时期和特定队列的腰痛发病率均呈下降趋势。
腰痛在中国仍然是一个重大的公共卫生负担，在性别、年龄、时期和队列方面存在差异。应优先为高危人群，特别是老年人和女性制定有针对性的医疗政策和资源分配。
