Yao Xiaoying, Qiao Baojun, Shan Fangzhen, Zhang Qingqing, Song Yan, Song Jin, Wang Yuzhong
Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China.
Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China.
J Clin Neurol. 2025 May;21(3):213-219. doi: 10.3988/jcn.2024.0469.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune-mediated disorder characterized by demyelinating or axonal injury of the peripheral nerve. Our aim is to determine whether serum amyloid A (SAA) is a biomarker of demyelinating injury and disease severity in patients with GBS.
This study retrospectively enrolled 40 patients with either the demyelinating or axonal GBS and sex- and age-matched controls with other neurological diseases as well as healthy subjects. The demographic and clinical features at entry were collected. The serum levels of the SAA isoforms SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4 were determined in the patients with GBS and the controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed for the associations between levels of different SAA isoforms and the clinical features of the patients.
The levels of SAA2 and SAA4 were significantly higher in patients with GBS than in both the other neurological disease controls and the healthy subjects (<0.05 for all). The level of SAA1 did not differ between patients with GBS and the controls. The level of SAA2 was considerably higher in GBS patients with antecedent infection than in those without infection (=0.020). The levels of different SAA isoforms were not associated with the disease severity or other clinical features of patients with GBS (>0.05 for all).
Increased levels of SAA2 and SAA4 may only represent the acute inflammatory status and so cannot be utilized as biomarkers of the disease severity or demyelinating injury in patients with GBS.
吉兰 - 巴雷综合征（GBS）是一种自身免疫介导的疾病，其特征为周围神经的脱髓鞘或轴突损伤。我们的目的是确定血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）是否为GBS患者脱髓鞘损伤和疾病严重程度的生物标志物。
本研究回顾性纳入了40例脱髓鞘型或轴索性GBS患者，以及年龄和性别匹配的患有其他神经系统疾病的对照者和健康受试者。收集了入组时的人口统计学和临床特征。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定GBS患者和对照者血清中SAA亚型SAA1、SAA2和SAA4的水平，并分析不同SAA亚型水平与患者临床特征之间的关联。
GBS患者的SAA2和SAA4水平显著高于其他神经系统疾病对照者和健康受试者（均P<0.05）。GBS患者与对照者的SAA1水平无差异。有前驱感染的GBS患者的SAA2水平显著高于无感染的患者（P = 0.020）。不同SAA亚型水平与GBS患者的疾病严重程度或其他临床特征无关（均P>0.05）。
SAA2和SAA4水平升高可能仅代表急性炎症状态，因此不能用作GBS患者疾病严重程度或脱髓鞘损伤的生物标志物。
