Cloidt Megan, Shah Parth, Robles Erica, Findley Molly, Laniado Nadia
Department of Dentistry/OMFS, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
Department of Dentistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2025 Mar 27;6(1):360-368. doi: 10.1089/whr.2024.0187. eCollection 2025.
Pregnant women have been identified as a special adult population that is particularly vulnerable to oral diseases. The aims of this study were (1) to determine the prevalence of oral disease risk factors and (2) to examine the association between having a dental visit in the last 12 months and obvious tooth decay among a sample of pregnant women with low income.
This cross-sectional study analyzed the outcomes of oral health risk assessments for 554 pregnant women in a municipal hospital in the Bronx, New York. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to examine the characteristics of the study population. Simple and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between having a dental visit in the last 12 months and obvious tooth decay.
Overall, 28.2% of participants had a dental visit in the last 12 months and 87.7% had dental insurance. Over half of individuals reported frequent consumption of sugary beverages (52.2%). Nearly 30% of the participants showed signs of obvious tooth decay. There was no statistically significant association between last dental visit and obvious tooth decay (odds ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval [0.67-1.56]).
The high prevalence of unmet oral health needs despite widespread dental insurance coverage in this study sample suggests other barriers to oral health care beyond insurance coverage. The findings from this study underscore the complexity of oral disease and the potential role that targeted, interprofessional efforts can have on the promotion of oral health in vulnerable pregnant women.
孕妇已被确认为特别容易患口腔疾病的特殊成年人群体。本研究的目的是：（1）确定口腔疾病风险因素的患病率；（2）在低收入孕妇样本中，研究过去12个月内进行过牙科就诊与明显龋齿之间的关联。
这项横断面研究分析了纽约布朗克斯区一家市立医院554名孕妇的口腔健康风险评估结果。进行描述性统计分析以研究研究人群的特征。进行单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以研究过去12个月内进行过牙科就诊与明显龋齿之间的关联。
总体而言，28.2%的参与者在过去12个月内进行过牙科就诊，87.7%的人有牙科保险。超过一半的人报告经常饮用含糖饮料（52.2%）。近30%的参与者有明显龋齿迹象。上次牙科就诊与明显龋齿之间没有统计学上的显著关联（优势比=1.02，95%置信区间[0.67-1.56]）。
尽管本研究样本中牙科保险覆盖率很高，但未满足的口腔健康需求患病率却很高，这表明除了保险覆盖范围之外，还有其他口腔保健障碍。本研究结果强调了口腔疾病的复杂性以及有针对性的跨专业努力在促进弱势孕妇口腔健康方面可能发挥的潜在作用。
