Shi Dawei, Chen Jing, Li Meitong, Zhu Lingling, Ji Xunming
School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
Natl Sci Rev. 2025 Mar 8;12(5):nwaf071. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf071. eCollection 2025 May.
Hypobaric hypoxia at high altitudes threatens the health of high-altitude residents. The development of effective methods to guarantee the safety of frequent human activities in high-altitude locations is therefore needed. Pre-acclimatization at sea level is an effective approach to mitigate subsequent altitude sickness for rapid ascent, which offers a viable substitute to on-site acclimatization, minimizes the associated risks that are linked to prolonged exposure in high-altitude environments and can be personalized to individual hypoxic responses. Another critical aspect to prevent long-term physical damage is personalized health management at high altitudes, which is enabled by the emerging technologies of wearable sensors, the Internet of Medical Things and artificial intelligence. In this review, we outline the progress in pre-acclimatization and high-altitude health management, as well as the understanding of physiological mechanisms under hypoxia, highlighting the important role that is played by wearable sensors and physiological closed-loop control systems in developing intelligent personalized solutions. We also discuss the challenges and prospects of deploying autonomous intelligent monitoring and control in high-altitude health management.
高海拔地区的低压缺氧威胁着高原居民的健康。因此，需要开发有效的方法来保障人类在高海拔地区频繁活动的安全。在海平面进行预适应是减轻快速 ascent 后高原病的有效方法，它为现场适应提供了可行的替代方案，最大限度地减少了与在高海拔环境中长期暴露相关的风险，并且可以根据个体的缺氧反应进行个性化调整。预防长期身体损伤的另一个关键方面是高海拔地区的个性化健康管理，这得益于可穿戴传感器、医疗物联网和人工智能等新兴技术。在本综述中，我们概述了预适应和高海拔健康管理的进展，以及对缺氧生理机制的理解，强调了可穿戴传感器和生理闭环控制系统在开发智能个性化解决方案中所起的重要作用。我们还讨论了在高海拔健康管理中部署自主智能监测和控制的挑战与前景。
