Wlaźlak Sebastian, Banaszak Mirosław, Biesek Jakub
Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 85-084, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
BMC Vet Res. 2025 May 2;21(1):307. doi: 10.1186/s12917-025-04764-2.
Natural minerals can be innovative feed additives in the waterfowl nutrition, affecting the production efficiency and the meat quality. The study assessed production results, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and strength of the jejunum and leg bones of male and female Cherry Valley ducks fed with 1% halloysite. The ducks were kept in control groups (males and females) and fed a commercial diet. In the experimental groups (males and females), 1% halloysite was added to the diet throughout the rearing period. 50 ducks in 5 repetitions were in each group. During 42 days of rearing, the ducks' body weight, growth, feed intake, and conversion ratio were controlled and calculated. After rearing, 10 carcasses per group were selected and dissected. The physicochemical characteristics of the leg and pectoral muscles and the strength of the jejunum and leg bones were analyzed.
The application of halloysite reduced the body weight of birds (P = 0.049) and body weight gain (P = 0.048) on day 42 and throughout the rearing period and increased the liver weight of ducks (P = 0.020). Female carcasses were characterized by a higher weight of pectoral muscle (P = 0.005), muscle total (P = 0.015), and abdominal fat (P = 0.007), and males by a higher weight of carcass remains (P = 0.013). In the pectoral muscles of ducks where the mineral was added, significantly lower protein content and higher collagen (P < 0.001), intramuscular fat (P < 0.001), and water (P = 0.014) content were found. The leg muscles of the birds from the control groups were characterized by significantly higher redness (P = 0.003) and yellowness (P = 0.031), and males had a higher content of intramuscular fat compared to females (P < 0.001). Halloysite increased the jejunum tensile strength (P = 0.023).
Halloysite adversely impacted ducks' body weight and weight gain while altering meat quality by increasing pectoral muscle pH (pectoralis major) and fat content (pectoralis major and pectoralis minor) and changing leg muscles' color. Jejunum tensile strength was higher post-halloysite supplementation. These results suggest halloysite has both positive and negative effects on duck growth, meat properties, and jejunum strength, warranting further research.
天然矿物质可成为水禽营养领域的创新型饲料添加剂，影响生产效率和肉质。本研究评估了饲喂1%埃洛石的樱桃谷公鸭和母鸭的生产性能、胴体特征、肉质以及空肠和腿骨强度。将鸭子分为对照组（公鸭和母鸭），饲喂商业日粮。在实验组（公鸭和母鸭）中，在整个饲养期日粮中添加1%埃洛石。每组5个重复，每个重复50只鸭子。在42天的饲养期内，控制并计算鸭子的体重、生长、采食量和转化率。饲养结束后，每组选取10只胴体进行解剖。分析腿肌和胸肌的理化特性以及空肠和腿骨的强度。
埃洛石的应用降低了42日龄及整个饲养期内鸭的体重（P = 0.049）和体重增加量（P = 0.048），并增加了鸭的肝脏重量（P = 0.020）。母鸭胴体的特征是胸肌重量较高（P = 0.005）、肌肉总量较高（P = 0.015）和腹部脂肪较高（P = 0.007），公鸭胴体剩余部分重量较高（P = 0.013）。在添加矿物质的鸭胸肌中，发现蛋白质含量显著较低，而胶原蛋白（P < 0.001）、肌内脂肪（P < 0.001）和水分（P = 0.014）含量较高。对照组鸭子的腿肌特征是红度显著较高（P = 0.003）和黄度显著较高（P = 0.031），并且公鸭的肌内脂肪含量高于母鸭（P < 0.001）。埃洛石增加了空肠抗张强度（P = 0.023）。
埃洛石对鸭的体重和体重增加有不利影响，同时通过提高胸肌pH值（胸大肌）和脂肪含量（胸大肌和胸小肌）以及改变腿肌颜色来改变肉质。补充埃洛石后空肠抗张强度更高。这些结果表明，埃洛石对鸭的生长、肉质和空肠强度既有积极影响也有消极影响，值得进一步研究。
