Asal Burak, Özünlü Pekyavas Nihan
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
Shoulder Elbow. 2025 Apr 28:17585732251335933. doi: 10.1177/17585732251335933.
The Thrower's Ten (T10) rehabilitation program is proven effective in preventing and rehabilitating injuries in overhead throwing sports. Its effect on water polo athletes remains unclear.
This study involved 46 water polo athletes (age = 16.89 ± 2.89 years, height = 173.09 ± 9.40 cm, mass = 64.50 ± 11.96 kg, BMI = 21.39 ± 2.81 kg/m²) randomized into T10 and control groups. The T10 group performed T10 exercises three times weekly for 10 weeks, with each exercise consisting of 2 × 10 repetitions. The control group followed regular water polo training without additional exercises. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention, measuring upper extremity internal and external rotation strength with an isokinetic dynamometer, shoulder stability using the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Test (CKCUEST), and shoulder flexibility through internal and external rotation range of motion tests.
The T10 group showed significant improvements in CKCUEST scores, shoulder flexibility, and non-dominant extremity internal rotation strength compared to pre-intervention values ( < 0.05). In CKCUEST average touches and normalized score measurements, the T10 group performed significantly better than the control group ( < 0.05).
T10 exercises enhanced stability and flexibility in water polo athletes, with partial effectiveness in improving strength.
投掷者十项（T10）康复计划已被证明在预防和康复过头投掷运动中的损伤方面有效。其对水球运动员的影响尚不清楚。
本研究纳入46名水球运动员（年龄 = 16.89 ± 2.89岁，身高 = 173.09 ± 9.40厘米，体重 = 64.50 ± 11.96千克，BMI = 21.39 ± 2.81千克/平方米），随机分为T10组和对照组。T10组每周进行3次T10练习，共10周，每次练习包括2×10次重复。对照组进行常规水球训练，无额外练习。在干预前后进行评估，使用等速测力计测量上肢内旋和外旋力量，使用闭链上肢测试（CKCUEST）评估肩部稳定性，并通过内旋和外旋活动范围测试评估肩部柔韧性。
与干预前相比，T10组在CKCUEST评分、肩部柔韧性和非优势肢体内旋力量方面有显著改善（<0.05）。在CKCUEST平均触诊和标准化评分测量中，T10组的表现明显优于对照组（<0.05）。
T10练习增强了水球运动员的稳定性和柔韧性，在提高力量方面有部分效果。
