Sun Xiaowen, Zhang Yongzhong, Zhao Chao, Li Tiantian, Bai Song
School of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Apr 17;13:1513319. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1513319. eCollection 2025.
To improve the standardization of health emergency equipment at the scene of bioterrorism events in major public places and to establish a health emergency equipment modularized system for such events.
Based on domestic laws and regulations, domestic and international literature on health emergencies from 2004 to 2023, and survey data on the equipment configuration of domestic health emergency equipment enterprises and relevant emergency response teams, this study first used scenario analysis to explore the functional requirements of health emergency equipment from three aspects: the environment in which bioterrorism events occur, the survival and task requirements of personnel at the scene, and the methods of emergency response. Second, with reference to national standards for the allocation of health emergency equipment, a preliminary plan for the equipment system was determined through literature analysis and market research. Then, a preliminary plan of the modularized system of health emergency equipment is formed through the cluster analysis method. Finally, the Delphi method was used to revise and improve the plan.
The positive coefficient of expert consultation in both rounds was 100%, and the mean coefficient of expert authority was 0.855. The coordination coefficients of the expert opinions were 0.226 and 0.258, respectively (both < 0.001), indicating a good degree of coordination among the expert opinions. The final modularized system of health emergency equipment for bioterrorism events in major public places was established. This modularized system consisted of 5 first-level modules, 15 second-level modules, and 32 third-level modules, and is equipped 162 types of equipment.
The constructed modularized system of health emergency equipment for bioterrorism events has a certain degree of pertinence and reliability and can serve as a reference for the construction of health emergency team equipment modularized systems and the use of health emergency equipment at the scene of bioterrorism events.
提高大型公共场所生物恐怖事件现场卫生应急装备的标准化水平，建立此类事件的卫生应急装备模块化体系。
依据国内法律法规、2004年至2023年国内外卫生应急相关文献，以及国内卫生应急装备企业和相关应急处置队伍的装备配置调研数据，本研究首先采用情景分析法，从生物恐怖事件发生的环境、现场人员的生存及任务需求、应急处置方式三个方面探讨卫生应急装备的功能需求。其次，参照卫生应急装备配置国家标准，通过文献分析和市场调研确定装备体系的初步方案。然后，运用聚类分析法形成卫生应急装备模块化体系的初步方案。最后，采用德尔菲法对方案进行修订和完善。
两轮专家咨询的积极系数均为100%，专家权威系数均值为0.855。专家意见协调系数分别为0.226和0.258（均<0.001），表明专家意见协调性良好。最终建立了大型公共场所生物恐怖事件卫生应急装备模块化体系。该模块化体系由5个一级模块、15个二级模块和32个三级模块组成，配备162种装备。
构建的生物恐怖事件卫生应急装备模块化体系具有一定的针对性和可靠性，可为卫生应急队伍装备模块化体系建设及生物恐怖事件现场卫生应急装备的使用提供参考。
