Gajjar Margit, Mishra Mritunjay K, Shah Tejas J, Saiyad Sajidali S, Rajput Jay Prakash S
Biochemistry, Gujarat Medical Education and Research Society (GMERS) Medical College, Rajpipla, IND.
Physiology, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Mar 31;17(3):e81550. doi: 10.7759/cureus.81550. eCollection 2025 Mar.
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the atherogenic index (AI) are emerging biomarkers that have been gaining attention in diabetes management as alternatives for assessing glycemic control in clinical settings. Since direct measurement of insulin resistance is impractical in routine care, it offers a more accessible alternative with potential broad clinical application. The TyG index and AI can serve as useful substitute biomarkers and could help in the management of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 T2DM participants, divided into two groups: 100 with good glycemic control (<7.0%) and 100 with poor control (≥7.0%), based on HbA1c levels. Lipid profile and HbA1c were measured using Chem-7 (Erba Mannheim, India) and Insta Check semi-auto analyzers. TyG index, TyG-body mass index (BMI), and TyG-waist circumference (WC) were calculated using standard formulas. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, US), with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Among 200 subjects, 63% were men and 37% were women. The mean age for type 2 diabetes subjects is 61.24 ± 7.25 years. The mean level of the TyG index in poor glycemic control is significantly higher (30.36 ± 5.51, p < 0.001) than that of good glycemic control (4.06 ± 0.05, p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed between the TyG index and poor glycemic control. The TyG index has good predictive ability in poor glycemic control (area under the curve (AUC): 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83-0.92). The TyG optimal cutoff is ≥5.22 with 78.22% sensitivity and 94.06% specificity.
The TyG index shows a significant correlation with glycemic control and could serve as a valuable supportive marker for T2DM, particularly in smaller clinical settings.
甘油三酯-葡萄糖（TyG）指数和致动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）是新兴的生物标志物，在糖尿病管理中作为临床环境中评估血糖控制的替代指标而受到关注。由于在常规护理中直接测量胰岛素抵抗不切实际，它提供了一种更容易获得的替代方法，具有潜在的广泛临床应用价值。TyG指数和AI可作为有用的替代生物标志物，有助于2型糖尿病（T2DM）的血糖控制管理。
对200名T2DM参与者进行了一项横断面研究，根据糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平分为两组：100名血糖控制良好（<7.0%）和100名控制不佳（≥7.0%）。使用Chem-7（印度埃尔巴曼海姆公司）和Insta Check半自动分析仪测量血脂谱和HbA1c。使用标准公式计算TyG指数、TyG体重指数（BMI）和TyG腰围（WC）。使用SPSS 20.0（美国纽约州阿蒙克市IBM公司）进行统计分析，p<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
200名受试者中，63%为男性，37%为女性。2型糖尿病受试者的平均年龄为61.24±7.25岁。血糖控制不佳组的TyG指数平均水平（30.36±5.51，p<0.001）显著高于血糖控制良好组（4.06±0.05，p<0.001）。TyG指数与血糖控制不佳之间存在显著正相关。TyG指数在血糖控制不佳方面具有良好的预测能力（曲线下面积（AUC）：0.88；95%置信区间（CI）：0.83-0.92）。TyG最佳截断值为≥5.22，敏感性为78.22%，特异性为94.06%。
TyG指数与血糖控制显著相关，可作为T2DM的有价值的辅助标志物，特别是在较小的临床环境中。
