Kamdi Bhupesh, Ingole Ranjit, Kudale Atul, Kumar Ashok, Hajare Sunil, Awandkar Sudhakar, Kurkure Nitin
Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Science, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Akola, Maharashtra, India.
Animal Disease Research Centre, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Braz J Microbiol. 2025 May 2. doi: 10.1007/s42770-025-01676-z.
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is an important pathogen affecting the respiratory health of ruminants and causes pulmonary lesions with occasional systemic involvement. This study aimed to detect and characterize BRSV in susceptible hosts exhibiting clinical signs of respiratory distress and pulmonary lesions in Maharashtra, India. A total of 391 samples (295 lung tissues and 96 nasal swabs), were collected from cattle and buffaloes showing respiratory signs and pulmonary lesions. Nested PCR was employed for the molecular detection of BRSV. Gross and histopathological changes were further analyzed in positive cases. The overall incidence of BRSV was 13.55%, with a higher detection rate in buffaloes (27.73%) compared to cattle (9.09%). Clinically, BRSV-positive cases exhibited nasal discharge, cough, fever, wheezing, and conjunctivitis, consistent with respiratory distress. Gross pathological findings included focal to multifocal consolidation in the cranioventral lung regions and emphysema and edema in the caudal lobes. Histopathological examination revealed bronchiolar epithelial necrosis, hyperplasia, neutrophilic and mononuclear infiltration, and the presence of syncytial cells. Molecular characterization demonstrated high genetic similarity among isolates, indicating a common viral strain circulating in the region. However, nucleotide variations, leading to nonsynonymous amino acid changes, suggested genetic diversity among circulating strains. This study highlights BRSV as a critical respiratory pathogen in cattle and buffaloes, particularly affecting buffaloes with a higher incidence. The findings underscore the need for sustained surveillance, targeted control measures, and vaccine development to mitigate the disease's impact on animal health and productivity. This is the first report of BRSV detection and characterization in Maharashtra, India.
牛呼吸道合胞病毒（BRSV）是一种影响反刍动物呼吸道健康的重要病原体，可导致肺部病变，偶尔还会累及全身。本研究旨在检测和鉴定印度马哈拉施特拉邦出现呼吸窘迫临床症状和肺部病变的易感宿主中的BRSV。共采集了391份样本（295份肺组织和96份鼻拭子），这些样本来自表现出呼吸道症状和肺部病变的牛和水牛。采用巢式PCR对BRSV进行分子检测。对阳性病例进一步分析大体和组织病理学变化。BRSV的总体发病率为13.55%，水牛的检出率（27.73%）高于牛（9.09%）。临床上，BRSV阳性病例表现出鼻液、咳嗽、发热、喘息和结膜炎，与呼吸窘迫症状相符。大体病理检查结果包括颅腹侧肺区域的局灶性至多灶性实变以及尾叶的肺气肿和水肿。组织病理学检查显示细支气管上皮坏死、增生、嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞浸润以及合胞体细胞的存在。分子特征表明分离株之间具有高度的遗传相似性，表明该地区存在一种共同的病毒株。然而，导致非同义氨基酸变化的核苷酸变异表明流行毒株之间存在遗传多样性。本研究强调BRSV是牛和水牛中的一种关键呼吸道病原体，尤其对水牛的影响更为严重，发病率更高。研究结果强调需要持续监测、针对性的控制措施以及疫苗开发，以减轻该疾病对动物健康和生产力的影响。这是印度马哈拉施特拉邦关于BRSV检测和鉴定的首次报告。
