Evans-Polce Rebecca J, Arterberry Brooke J, Lanza Stephanie T, Patrick Megan E
Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Addict Behav. 2025 Sep;168:108376. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108376. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
Young adulthood constitutes a period of substance use risk and many young adults engage in use of more than one substance. While existing work has examined young adult co-use of substances at the day-level, there has not been a comprehensive investigation of day-level substance use that considers mode and intensity of use in a national sample of U.S. young adults.
Individuals were eligible through participation in the nationally-representative Monitoring the Future study in 12th grade in 2018 and reporting past 30-day drinking in 12th-grade. Respondents completed a 14-day daily study in 2019 (n = 911 individuals; modal age 19). Days on which individuals reported alcohol, cannabis, and/or nicotine/tobacco use (n = 3,086 days and 590 individuals) were examined. Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns of substance use at the day-level with stress, boredom, loneliness, and type of day as covariates.
Six patterns of substance use days were identified: Vaping Nicotine (33.69 %), Cannabis Smoking (23.49 %), Alcohol Only (17.10 %), Cannabis Vaping (11.72 %), Multiple Combustibles (7.28 %), and Multimodal Cannabis (6.72 %) days. Stress and boredom were greater on Multimodal Cannabis days compared to most other substance use days. Alcohol Only days were characterized by lower levels of stress, boredom, and loneliness and a greater probability of being a special occasion or a weekend compared to other substance use days.
This study identified heterogeneous patterns of substance use behaviors among U.S. young adults. Understanding these patterns is important for developing intervention strategies that are responsive to specific substance use on a given day.
青年期是物质使用风险较高的时期，许多年轻人会使用不止一种物质。虽然现有研究已在日层面上考察了青年的物质共同使用情况，但尚未对美国青年全国样本中日层面的物质使用进行全面调查，该调查需考虑使用方式和使用强度。
通过参与2018年全国代表性的十二年级“未来监测”研究且报告十二年级过去30天饮酒情况的个体符合条件。受访者在2019年完成了一项为期14天的每日研究（n = 911人；中位年龄19岁）。对个体报告饮酒、大麻和/或尼古丁/烟草使用的日子（n = 3086天和590人）进行了检查。使用潜在类别分析来确定日层面的物质使用模式，并将压力、无聊、孤独和日期类型作为协变量。
确定了六种物质使用日模式：吸电子烟尼古丁日（33.69%）、吸食大麻日（23.49%）、仅饮酒日（17.10%）、吸大麻电子烟日（11.72%）、多种燃烧性物质日（7.28%）和多模式大麻日（6.72%）。与大多数其他物质使用日相比，多模式大麻日的压力和无聊感更强。与其他物质使用日相比，仅饮酒日的特点是压力、无聊和孤独程度较低，且更有可能是特殊场合或周末。
本研究确定了美国青年中物质使用行为的异质性模式。了解这些模式对于制定针对特定日期特定物质使用的干预策略很重要。
