Bright Bribin, Nair Manish M, Moorthy Srikanth, P Sreekumar K, Kulkarni Chinmay, K Nazar P
Radiodiagnosis, Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Apr 2;17(4):e81613. doi: 10.7759/cureus.81613. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is a preferred treatment modality for patients with end-stage liver disease. However, the incidence of postoperative complications, particularly involving the biliary and vascular systems, remains significant. These complications often necessitate urgent interventional management to prevent graft loss. Although surgical revision is an option, it carries increased morbidity and mortality risks. This case series explores the utility of minimally invasive, image-guided techniques for managing complex post-LDLT complications. We present four cases involving distinct image-guided interventions, including percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) with balloon cholangioplasty for biliary strictures, hepatic venoplasty with intravascular stenting for hepatic venous outflow tract obstruction, and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement for refractory ascites secondary to portal hypertension. Procedural techniques, immediate outcomes, and follow-up results were assessed. All interventions were technically successful, with immediate clinical and biochemical improvement observed in each patient. Follow-up imaging confirmed patency and resolution of the vascular or biliary complications. This series underscores the efficacy of image-guided interventions as a safer alternative to surgical re-exploration in complex post-transplant cases. Image-guided interventions, including PTBD, venoplasty, and TIPS, offer robust management solutions for biliary and vascular complications in LDLT recipients, highlighting the role of interventional radiology in post-transplant care.
活体肝移植(LDLT)是终末期肝病患者的首选治疗方式。然而,术后并发症的发生率,尤其是涉及胆道和血管系统的并发症,仍然很高。这些并发症往往需要紧急介入治疗以防止移植肝丢失。虽然手术翻修是一种选择,但它会增加发病和死亡风险。本病例系列探讨了微创、影像引导技术在处理活体肝移植术后复杂并发症中的应用。我们展示了4例涉及不同影像引导介入治疗的病例,包括经皮经肝胆道引流(PTBD)联合球囊胆管成形术治疗胆道狭窄、肝静脉成形术联合血管内支架置入术治疗肝静脉流出道梗阻,以及经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)治疗门静脉高压继发的顽固性腹水。评估了操作技术、即刻结果和随访结果。所有干预均在技术上取得成功,每位患者均观察到即刻临床和生化指标改善。随访影像学检查证实血管或胆道并发症通畅及缓解。本系列强调了影像引导介入治疗作为复杂移植后病例手术再次探查更安全替代方法的有效性。影像引导介入治疗,包括PTBD、静脉成形术和TIPS,为活体肝移植受者的胆道和血管并发症提供了有力的管理解决方案,突出了介入放射学在移植后护理中的作用。