Chiang Yi-Chun, Yang Chuan-Kai, Wang Sheng-Wei, Huang Shou-Chieh, Pan Min-Hsiung, Tseng Su-Hsiang
Division of Research and Analysis, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, No.109, Ln. 130, Sec. 1, Academia Rd, Nangang District, Taipei City, 11561, Taiwan, R.O.C..
Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C..
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2025 Jul;417(16):3633-3650. doi: 10.1007/s00216-025-05886-0. Epub 2025 May 5.
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) possess water-repellent, oil-repellent, and heat-resistant properties, making them widely used in consumer goods and industrial products. However, PFASs have been increasingly associated with health concerns, including reproductive toxicity, endocrine disruption, and thyroid disease. In 2023, the US consumer platform "Mamavation" reported organic fluorine levels ranging from 105 to 20,700 ppm in 18 contact lenses, raising concerns about the potential presence of PFASs in these products. Given the absence of established international testing methods and regulatory limits for PFASs in contact lenses, this study evaluated nine standard international methods, ultimately selecting 49 PFASs as target analytes after eliminating overlaps. To facilitate detection, novel extraction methods were developed for contact lenses and their lens care solutions. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was employed for analysis, utilizing an analytical column (Atlantis Premier BEH C18 AX, 1.7 µm, 2.1 × 100 mm) and an isolator column (Atlantis Premier BEH C18 AX, 5 µm, 2.1 × 50 mm) to minimize background interference. Electrospray ionization in combination with multiple reaction monitoring mode enabled rapid analysis within 24 minutes. For contact lenses, the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 1 to 400 ng/g, while for lens care solutions, the LOQ ranged from 0.04 to 0.8 ng/mL. When applied to 12 contact lens samples, the method detected 6:2 FTS (1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid) in only one lens care solution at a concentration of 0.087 ng/mL. This study highlights the importance of further investigation into PFAS contamination in contact lenses and the need for international standardization in testing methodologies.
全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFASs）具有防水、防油和耐热性能，这使得它们被广泛应用于消费品和工业产品中。然而，PFASs与健康问题的关联日益增加，包括生殖毒性、内分泌干扰和甲状腺疾病。2023年，美国消费者平台“Mamavation”报告称，18款隐形眼镜中的有机氟含量在105至20700 ppm之间，这引发了人们对这些产品中可能存在PFASs的担忧。鉴于目前尚无针对隐形眼镜中PFASs的既定国际检测方法和监管限值，本研究评估了九种标准国际方法，在消除重叠后最终选择了49种PFASs作为目标分析物。为便于检测，针对隐形眼镜及其护理液开发了新型提取方法。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）进行分析，使用分析柱（Atlantis Premier BEH C18 AX，1.7 µm，2.1×100 mm）和隔离柱（Atlantis Premier BEH C18 AX，5 µm，2.1×50 mm）以尽量减少背景干扰。电喷雾电离结合多反应监测模式可在24分钟内实现快速分析。对于隐形眼镜，定量限（LOQ）范围为1至400 ng/g，而对于护理液，LOQ范围为0.04至0.8 ng/mL。将该方法应用于12个隐形眼镜样品时，仅在一种护理液中检测到浓度为0.087 ng/mL的6:2 FTS（1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛烷磺酸）。本研究强调了进一步调查隐形眼镜中PFAS污染的重要性以及检测方法国际标准化的必要性。
