Kaloupek D G, Stoupakis T
J Behav Med. 1985 Jun;8(2):131-48. doi: 10.1007/BF00845517.
The coping strategies used by volunteer blood donors were studied in an attempt to replicate and extend the findings of Kaloupek et al. [(1984). J. Behav. Med. 7:35-60]. Specifically, coping was assessed by process, state, and trait measures that were then examined in terms of their relationships with subjective, physiological, and behavioral indices of anxiety. Ratings of anxiety made by the donors themselves and by attending nurses generally replicated the previous finding of lower distress associated with avoidant coping (e.g., distraction). Problem-focused coping was also associated with lower distress, including a lower heart rate for first-time donors. Other evidence suggests that for some individuals the expression of distress may be part of a coping strategy that is associated with reduced physiological responding. Discussion concerns links between coping and anxiety which may have relevance to stressful medical situations, including the possible need for anxiety reduction to allow successful application of avoidant coping.
为了复制并扩展卡卢佩克等人（1984年，《行为医学杂志》第7卷：35 - 60页）的研究结果，对无偿献血者所采用的应对策略进行了研究。具体而言，通过过程、状态和特质测量来评估应对方式，然后从这些应对方式与焦虑的主观、生理和行为指标之间的关系进行考察。献血者本人以及值班护士对焦虑的评分总体上重复了先前的研究结果，即与回避应对（如分心）相关的痛苦程度较低。以问题为中心的应对方式也与较低的痛苦程度相关，包括首次献血者的心率较低。其他证据表明，对于一些个体来说，痛苦的表达可能是一种应对策略的一部分，这种策略与生理反应的降低有关。讨论涉及应对与焦虑之间的联系，这可能与紧张的医疗情况相关，包括可能需要减轻焦虑以便成功应用回避应对方式。
