Alfieri Gianmarco, Riggi Riccardo, Modesti Margherita, Bellincontro Andrea, Renzi Francesco, Aleixandre-Tudo Jose Luis
Department for Innovation of Biological, Agrofood and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
Nature 4.0 Società Benefit Srl, Viterbo, Italy.
J Sci Food Agric. 2025 Aug 30;105(11):6115-6125. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.14321. Epub 2025 May 5.
The winemaking industry increasingly relies on non-destructive techniques to support processing activities, particularly in response to climate change-induced imbalances between technological and phenolic grape maturity. Spectroscopy-based instruments have become widely available for monitoring key parameters such as total polyphenols, anthocyanins and tannins during maceration and fermentation. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy presents a promising solution for rapid and efficient analysis, potentially enhancing process control and decision-making in winemaking.
This study evaluates the feasibility of a low-cost NIR spectroscopy-based prototype for monitoring phenolic extraction in small-scale fermentations. The device's performance was assessed by correlating spectral data with conventional reference measurements, including total polyphenol index, tannin concentration, colour intensity, anthocyanins and polymeric pigments. Predictive models were developed using partial least squares regression and compared with those obtained from a commercial Fourier transform (FT)-NIR spectrophotometer to assess the prototype's accuracy and reliability.
The results indicate that the low-cost NIR prototype shows potential for monitoring phenolic extraction during fermentation, providing real-time and non-destructive measurements. While its predictive performance was slightly lower than that of the commercial FT-NIR system, the prototype demonstrated promising accuracy, suggesting that with further optimization it could serve as a cost-effective alternative for wineries seeking rapid and affordable phenolic analysis. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
葡萄酒酿造行业越来越依赖非破坏性技术来支持加工活动，特别是应对气候变化导致的技术成熟度与酚类物质成熟度之间的失衡。基于光谱学的仪器已广泛用于监测浸渍和发酵过程中的关键参数，如总多酚、花青素和单宁。近红外（NIR）光谱法为快速高效分析提供了一种有前景的解决方案，有望加强葡萄酒酿造过程中的过程控制和决策制定。
本研究评估了一种基于低成本近红外光谱的原型设备用于监测小规模发酵中酚类物质提取的可行性。通过将光谱数据与常规参考测量值（包括总多酚指数、单宁浓度、颜色强度、花青素和聚合色素）进行关联来评估该设备的性能。使用偏最小二乘回归开发预测模型，并与从商用傅里叶变换（FT）-近红外分光光度计获得的模型进行比较，以评估该原型设备的准确性和可靠性。
结果表明，这种低成本近红外原型设备在监测发酵过程中酚类物质提取方面具有潜力，可提供实时和非破坏性测量。虽然其预测性能略低于商用傅里叶变换近红外系统，但该原型设备显示出了有前景的准确性，这表明通过进一步优化，它可以成为寻求快速且经济实惠的酚类分析方法的酒庄的一种经济高效的替代方案。© 2025作者。《食品与农业科学杂志》由约翰·威利父子有限公司代表化学工业协会出版。
