Asor Roi, Loewenthal Dan, van Wee Raman, Benesch Justin L P, Kukura Philipp
Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; email:
Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Annu Rev Biophys. 2025 May;54(1):379-399. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-061824-111652.
Mass photometry (MP) is a technology for the mass measurement of biological macromolecules in solution. Its mass accuracy and resolution have transformed label-free optical detection into a quantitative measurement, enabling the identification of distinct species in a mixture and the characterization of their relative abundances. Its applicability to a variety of biomolecules, including polypeptides, nucleic acids, lipids, and sugars, coupled with the ability to quantify heterogeneity, interaction energies, and kinetics, has driven the rapid and widespread adoption of MP across the life sciences community. These applications have been largely orthogonal to those traditionally associated with microscopy, such as detection, imaging, and tracking, instead focusing on the constituents of biomolecular complexes and their change with time. Here, we present an overview of the origins of MP, its current applications, and future improvements that will further expand its scope.
质量光度测定法（MP）是一种用于测量溶液中生物大分子质量的技术。其质量精度和分辨率已将无标记光学检测转变为定量测量，能够识别混合物中的不同物种并表征其相对丰度。它适用于多种生物分子，包括多肽、核酸、脂质和糖类，再加上能够量化异质性、相互作用能和动力学，推动了MP在生命科学领域的迅速广泛应用。这些应用在很大程度上与传统上与显微镜相关的应用（如检测、成像和追踪）不同，而是专注于生物分子复合物的组成成分及其随时间的变化。在此，我们概述了MP的起源、其当前的应用以及将进一步扩大其范围的未来改进。
