[SM-108].

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the available data on SM-108 (4-carbamoylimidazolium 5-olate) with respect to its clinical usefulness, optimal method of administration, and side effects. Successful remission induction was achieved in atypical leukemia using low dose SM-108. To analyze the action of SM-108, freshly isolated leukemic cells and cells from human leukemic cell line were cultured in the presence of SM-108. Minimal evidence of differentiation induction was observed. SM-108 in a higher dose, alone or in combination with other drugs was advocated for the treatment of adult ALL. Side effect including myelotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity was minimal.