Demir Pervane Vasfiye, Uyar Betül, Erten Bucaktepe Pakize Gamze
Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Türkiye.
Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Türkiye.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Apr 22;16:1566348. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1566348. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Patients with psychiatric disorders have high mortality and morbidity rates from infectious diseases, but low vaccination rates compared to the normal population. This study aimed to evaluate the vaccination rates for influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines, and the levels of vaccine hesitancy among individuals with psychiatric disorders.
The study was a cross-sectional study among patients with psychiatric disorders. Participants' vaccination statuses for influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic were assessed, along with their vaccine hesitancy levels using a vaccine hesitancy scale. Data were collected between 01.03.2024 and 27.11.2024.
The study included 500 patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. Only 3.6% of the participants had received the influenza vaccine in the previous year, 3.0% reported regular influenza vaccinations, and 76.2% had received the COVID-19 vaccine during the pandemic. Among the participants at risk for pneumococcal infection (14%), the vaccination rate was only 2%. Patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (45.0%) and anxiety disorder (17.2%) had the highest rates of regular influenza vaccination, while those with psychosis (13.6%) and depression (14.6%) had the lowest (p=0.010). COVID-19 vaccination rates during the pandemic were highest in ADHD (90.0%), bipolar disorder (81.1%), and depression (80.8%), and lowest in psychosis (54.5%) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (64.3%)(p=0.002). Women (p=0.001), participants with below university education levels (p=0.009), and patients with psychosis showed greater vaccine hesitancy. Patients with ADHD and bipolar disorder had the most positive attitudes toward vaccination (p=0.021). Positive attitudes were also linked to recent or regular influenza vaccinations and COVID-19 or pneumococcal vaccinations (p<0.05).
Low vaccination rates and high vaccine hesitancy in psychiatric patients, particularly those with psychosis, necessitate targeted strategies to improve immunization coverage in this population.
背景/目的：精神疾病患者因传染病导致的死亡率和发病率较高，但与正常人群相比，疫苗接种率较低。本研究旨在评估精神疾病患者的流感疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗和新冠疫苗接种率，以及疫苗犹豫水平。
本研究是一项针对精神疾病患者的横断面研究。评估了参与者在疫情期间的流感疫苗、肺炎球菌疫苗和新冠疫苗接种状况，以及使用疫苗犹豫量表评估他们的疫苗犹豫水平。数据收集于2024年3月1日至2024年11月27日。
该研究纳入了500名被诊断患有精神疾病的患者。在前一年中，只有3.6%的参与者接种了流感疫苗，3.0%的人报告定期接种流感疫苗，76.2%的人在疫情期间接种了新冠疫苗。在有肺炎球菌感染风险的参与者中（14%），接种率仅为2%。注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者（45.0%）和焦虑症患者（17.2%）的定期流感疫苗接种率最高，而精神病患者（13.6%）和抑郁症患者（14.6%）的接种率最低（p=0.010）。疫情期间，ADHD患者（90.0%）、双相情感障碍患者（81.1%）和抑郁症患者（80.8%）的新冠疫苗接种率最高，精神病患者（54.5%）和强迫症患者（64.3%）的接种率最低（p=0.002）。女性（p=0.001）、大学以下教育水平的参与者（p=0.009）和精神病患者表现出更大的疫苗犹豫。ADHD患者和双相情感障碍患者对疫苗接种的态度最为积极（p=0.021）。积极态度也与近期或定期接种流感疫苗以及新冠疫苗或肺炎球菌疫苗有关（p<0.05）。
精神疾病患者，尤其是精神病患者的疫苗接种率低且疫苗犹豫程度高，因此需要有针对性的策略来提高该人群的免疫覆盖率。
