La Bella Alyssa Ann, Santiago-Tirado Felipe Hiram, Flores-Mireles Ana Lidia
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America.
PLoS Pathog. 2025 May 7;21(5):e1013138. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1013138. eCollection 2025 May.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections, with a subgroup of these infections, catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs), accounting for 40% of nosocomial infections. While the majority of CAUTI pathogens are bacterial, the second most common pathogen is the fungus Candida albicans. However, in recent years, Candida auris has increasingly been isolated from urine, indicating C. auris' potential as a urinary pathogen. C. auris has rapidly emerged as a human pathogen worldwide, becoming a serious health threat. This is of great concern due to its antifungal resistance, adherence to inanimate surfaces, high mortality rates, and the extensive knowledge gap regarding C. auris' prevalence and pathophysiology. To understand whether C. auris is prevalent in the urinary tract, we analyzed 12,996 C. auris clinical strains and their frequency related to urine and urinary catheters. We identified urine as the second most common C. auris isolation source in the United States and the third most common worldwide. Anecdotally, C. auris urine isolates are often associated with urinary catheters and high mortality rates. Furthermore, there has been an early indication of urinary isolates developing echinocandin resistance. With the increasing incidence of uropathogenic C. auris, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of C. auris pathogenesis in the urinary tract to effectively prevent and treat these infections.
尿路感染(UTIs)是最常见的感染之一,其中一部分感染为导管相关尿路感染(CAUTIs),占医院感染的40%。虽然大多数CAUTI病原体是细菌,但第二常见的病原体是白色念珠菌。然而,近年来,耳念珠菌越来越多地从尿液中分离出来,这表明耳念珠菌作为一种泌尿道病原体的潜力。耳念珠菌已迅速在全球范围内成为一种人类病原体,对健康构成严重威胁。由于其抗真菌耐药性、在无生命表面的黏附性、高死亡率以及关于耳念珠菌流行率和病理生理学的广泛知识空白,这引起了极大关注。为了解耳念珠菌在泌尿道中是否普遍存在,我们分析了12996株耳念珠菌临床菌株及其与尿液和导尿管相关的频率。我们确定尿液是美国耳念珠菌第二常见的分离来源,在全球范围内是第三常见的来源。据传闻,耳念珠菌尿液分离株通常与导尿管和高死亡率有关。此外,已有早期迹象表明泌尿道分离株出现棘白菌素耐药性。随着耳念珠菌引起的泌尿道感染发病率不断上升,深入了解耳念珠菌在泌尿道中的发病机制对于有效预防和治疗这些感染至关重要。