Alsabi Fatimah Ahmed, Orabi Abeer Mokhtar, Bajamal Eman Zain
College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
PLoS One. 2025 May 7;20(5):e0312304. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312304. eCollection 2025.
Preeclampsia is a serious obstetrics condition generally diagnosed by the presence of high blood pressure (≥140/90 mmHg) and significant protein in urine (≥ 2++ on dipstick urine test) developing for the first time after 20 weeks of pregnancy. It poses severe risks to both mother and newborn, including the potential for maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. Although preeclampsia is a well-recognized pregnancy-related complication, there is a notable lack of knowledge and awareness among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia, particularly concerning its signs, symptoms, risk factors, and the importance of timely medical intervention. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding preeclampsia among pregnant women attending King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
In this quantitative cross-sectional study, 122 pregnant women visiting the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Department were surveyed from April to June 2023. The research employed a structured questionnaire to collect detailed information on participants' sociodemographic backgrounds, knowledge about preeclampsia symptoms, risk factors, complications, and attitudes toward its prevention and the recognition of danger signs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as ANOVA test, T-test, and Pearson correlation to explore relationships and significance among study variables.
The study revealed an average knowledge score of 25.43 (SD = 5.67), indicating that many participants demonstrated a moderate understanding of preeclampsia. On the other hand, the attitude score averaged 23.39 (SD = 3.11), showing that participants held favorable attitudes toward the risk factors, prevention, and complications of preeclampsia. Notably, participants with higher education levels and those who were employed demonstrated higher knowledge scores.
The findings reflect a moderate level of understanding among participants but also highlight critical areas where knowledge enhancement is necessary to enable timely intervention and reduce adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
子痫前期是一种严重的产科疾病，通常在妊娠20周后首次出现高血压（≥140/90 mmHg）和尿中大量蛋白质（尿试纸检测≥2++）时被诊断出来。它对母亲和新生儿都构成严重风险，包括孕产妇和新生儿死亡及发病的可能性。尽管子痫前期是一种广为人知的与妊娠相关的并发症，但沙特阿拉伯的孕妇对其认识和了解明显不足，尤其是关于其体征、症状、危险因素以及及时医疗干预的重要性。本研究旨在评估在沙特阿拉伯吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城就诊的孕妇对子痫前期的知识水平和态度。
在这项定量横断面研究中，于2023年4月至6月对122名到妇产科门诊就诊的孕妇进行了调查。该研究采用结构化问卷收集参与者的社会人口学背景、子痫前期症状知识、危险因素、并发症以及对其预防和危险信号识别的态度等详细信息。使用描述性统计以及方差分析、T检验和皮尔逊相关性分析来探讨研究变量之间的关系和显著性。
研究显示平均知识得分25.43（标准差 = 5.67），表明许多参与者对子痫前期有一定程度的了解。另一方面，态度得分平均为23.39（标准差 = 3.11），表明参与者对子痫前期的危险因素、预防和并发症持积极态度。值得注意的是，受过高等教育和就业的参与者知识得分更高。
研究结果反映出参与者有一定程度的理解，但也突出了需要加强知识的关键领域，以便能够及时进行干预并减少孕产妇和新生儿的不良结局。
