da Silva Jéssica Coutinho Mezzomo, Cabral Carlos Eduardo Avelino, de Oliveira Isis Scatolin, de Souza Alexandre Lima, Duarte Camila Fernandes Domingues, Righi Rodrigo Schaurich Mativi, Cuff Eduarda Caroline Kichel, Mota Lucas Gimenes, Cabral Carla Heloisa Avelino
Federal University of Rondonopolis, Institute of Agrarian Science and Technology, Rondonopolis, MT, Brazil.
Department of Animal and Range Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 May 8;57(4):214. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04472-x.
Supplementary roughage during the dry season in forage-based systems mitigates the adverse effects of lower pasture availability and nutritional quality in forage-based milk production. This study evaluated the effects of soybean hulls as supplementary roughage on milk production, composition, and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows in tropical forage-based systems during the dry season and verify the possibility of fully replacing silage with soybean hulls. Twelve multiparous Holstein-Zebu crossbred cows (453 ± 4.97 kg) in mid-lactation were used in a 4 × 4 Latin Square design. The cows grazed Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pasture with a continuous stocking rate and were subjected to four supplementation strategies: supplementation only with concentrate (Control); concentrate plus soybean hulls replacing 35% of forage intake (Soybean Hulls); concentrate plus corn silage replacing 50% of forage intake (Corn Silage); and concentrate plus sorghum silage replacing 50% of forage intake (Sorghum Silage). Soybean hulls and corn silage were the most consumed supplementary roughages (P = 0.012). Soybean hulls enhanced daily intakes of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P < 0.05). Milk production increased with soybean hull supplementation (P < 0.001), however, did not differ to corn silage when corrected for 3.5% fat content. Milk fat and protein did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05), but lactose and total solids were higher in the soybean hull and control groups (P < 0.05). Soybean hull supplementation reduced milk urea nitrogen (MUN) compared to corn silage (P = 0.022). Overall, soybean hulls improved feed intake, milk production, and nitrogen utilization in dairy cows, supporting their use as a viable alternative to silage in forage-based tropical systems.
在以牧草为基础的养殖系统中，旱季补充粗饲料可减轻牧场可利用性降低和牧草营养质量下降对以牧草为基础的牛奶生产产生的不利影响。本研究评估了在热带旱季以牧草为基础的养殖系统中，大豆皮作为补充粗饲料对泌乳奶牛产奶量、奶成分和氮利用的影响，并验证了用大豆皮完全替代青贮饲料的可能性。选用12头处于泌乳中期的经产荷斯坦-泽布杂交奶牛（体重453±4.97千克），采用4×4拉丁方设计。奶牛以持续放牧率采食臂形草属的马兰杜牧草，并采用四种补充策略：仅补充精饲料（对照组）；精饲料加大豆皮替代35%的牧草采食量（大豆皮组）；精饲料加玉米青贮替代50%的牧草采食量（玉米青贮组）；精饲料加高粱青贮替代50%的牧草采食量（高粱青贮组）。大豆皮和玉米青贮是采食最多的补充粗饲料（P = 0.012）。大豆皮提高了奶牛对乙醚提取物（EE）和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）的日采食量（P < 0.05）。补充大豆皮可提高产奶量（P < 0.001），但校正至脂肪含量为3.5%时，与玉米青贮组无差异。各处理组之间的乳脂和乳蛋白含量无差异（P > 0.05），但大豆皮组和对照组的乳糖和总固体含量较高（P < 0.05）。与玉米青贮组相比，补充大豆皮可降低牛奶尿素氮（MUN）含量（P = 0.022）。总体而言，大豆皮改善了奶牛的采食量、产奶量和氮利用，支持其在热带牧草养殖系统中作为青贮饲料的可行替代品使用。
