Alessio Dileta Regina Moro, Velho João Pedro, Tambara Antônio Augusto Cortiana, de Oliveira Gomes Ivan Pedro, Knob Deise Aline, Haygert-Velho Ione Maria Pereira, Busanello Marcos, Thaler Neto André
Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, 88.520-000, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus de Palmeira das Missões, Avenida Independência, 3751, 98.300-000, Palmeira das Missões, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2020 Jan;52(1):185-193. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-02005-x. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
To reduce costs, lactating cows are often fed a higher proportion of roughage and alternative feeds; however, such protocols may not lead to optimal milk production. Using a meta-analysis, we evaluated the effects of dietary roughage sources on the composition, voluntary intake, and digestibility of diets fed to crossbred Holstein x Zebu cows under experimental feeding conditions in Brazil. Finally, we assessed the effects of dietary roughage sources on milk yield and composition. The database was composed of 43 experiments with 183 treatments, including 943 lactating cows. The data were obtained from studies published between January 2000 and December 2015. The data were evaluated by analysis of variance, considering the distribution of variables. The diets differed in dry matter and crude protein (CP) contents according to the roughage sources. Diets based on corn silage demonstrated higher intakes of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), CP, and total digestible nutrients, which improved the digestibility of NDF and CP, and resulted in a higher milk yield compared to the diets with one roughage source or those with a combination of two roughage sources. The present study demonstrated that feeding crossbred Holstein x Zebu lactating cows alternative roughage sources compromised milk production and that lactating cows produced higher milk yields when fed corn silage.
为降低成本，泌乳奶牛通常会被饲喂更高比例的粗饲料和替代饲料；然而，此类方案可能无法实现最佳产奶量。通过荟萃分析，我们评估了在巴西的实验饲养条件下，日粮粗饲料来源对杂交荷斯坦×瘤牛母牛所采食日粮的组成、自愿采食量和消化率的影响。最后，我们评估了日粮粗饲料来源对产奶量和奶成分的影响。该数据库由43项实验组成，包含183种处理，涉及943头泌乳奶牛。数据来源于2000年1月至2015年12月发表的研究。根据变量分布，通过方差分析对数据进行评估。根据粗饲料来源不同，日粮的干物质和粗蛋白（CP）含量存在差异。与含有单一粗饲料来源或两种粗饲料来源组合的日粮相比，以玉米青贮为基础的日粮表现出更高的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、CP和总可消化养分采食量，这提高了NDF和CP的消化率，并带来了更高的产奶量。本研究表明，给杂交荷斯坦×瘤牛泌乳奶牛饲喂替代粗饲料来源会影响产奶量，而饲喂玉米青贮时泌乳奶牛的产奶量更高。
